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Legal terminology 法律术语Legal terminology 法律术语 Government bill 政府议案 to pass a bill, to carry a bill 通过议案 to enact a law, to promulgate a law 颁布法律 ratification, confirmation 批准 law enforcement 法律的实施 to come into force 生效 decree 法令 clause 条款 minutes 备忘录 report 判例汇编 codification 法律汇编 legislation 立法 legislator 立法者 jurist 法学家 jurisprudence 法学 legitimation 合法化 legality, lawfulness 法制,合法 legal, lawful 合法的,依法的 to contravene a law, to infringe a law, to break a law 违法 outlaw, outside the law 超出法律范围的 offender 罪犯 to abolish 废止,取消 rescission, annulment 废除,取消 repeal, revocation, annulment 废除(法律) cancellation, annulment, invalidation 废除(合同) cancellation (支票)作废 annulment 撤消(遗嘱) repeal rescission 撤消(判决) revocation 撤消 immunity 豁免,豁免权 disability, legal incapacity 无资格 nonretroactive character 不溯既往性 prescription 剥夺公权 attainder 公民权利的剥夺和财产的没收 constitutional law 宪法 canon law 教会法规 common law 习惯法 criminal law 刑法 administrative law 行政法 civil law 民法 commercial law, mercantile law 商法 law of nations 万国公法,国际法 international law 国际法 natural law 自然法 labour laws 劳工法 fiscal law 财政法 Civil Suit Law, Code of civil law 民事诉讼法 Criminal Law 刑事诉讼法 Military Law 军法 Conscript Law 兵役法 Copyright Law 著作权法 penal code 刑法典 code of mercantile law 商法典 civil rights 民事权利,公民权利 right of asylum 避难权 human rights, rights of man 人权 (customs) duties 关税 death duty, death tax 遗产税 royalties 版税 Courts 法院 criminal court 刑事法院(庭) civil court 民事法院(庭) regional court, Court of Appeal 地区法院 Court of Cassation 上诉法院 High Court 高级法院 (美作:Supreme Court) International Court of Justice (联合国)国际法院 conciliation board in industrial disputes 劳工纠纷调解委员会 arbitration tribunal, court of arbitration 仲裁法庭 juvenile court 少年法庭 court-martial 军事法庭 Law Courts 法院,法庭 National Audit Office 审计委员会 (美作:Committee on Public Accounts) to fall within the competence of a court 属于法院管辖权限之内 Functions 职能 judge 法官 presiding judge 庭长,首席法官 legal adviser 法律顾问 examining magistrate 地方预审法官 judge in appeal 上诉法官 juvenile court judge 少年法庭法官 public prosecutor 公诉人,检查官 (美作:district attorney) attorney general 首席检查官,检查长 jury 陪审团 juror 陪审员 lawyer, solicitor 律师,法律顾问 barrister 出庭律师 (美作:attorney,lawyer) assistant lawyer 见习律师 counsel for the defence 辩护律师,被告律师 attorney 代诉人,代理人 notary 公证人 Preliminary investigation 初步调查 proceedings (诉讼)程序 inquiry 询问,调查 hearing 审讯,审问 summary 速审 interrogatory, examination 讯问,质问 hearing of witnesses 听证,听取证词 domiciliary visit, house search 住宅搜查 evidence, exhibits 证据 extenuating circumstances 可使罪行减轻的情况 aggravating circumstances 可加重罪行的情况 exculpatory circumstances 可开脱罪责的情况 exonerating circumstances 可证明无罪的情况 alibi 不在犯罪现场 summons 传票 warrant for arrest 逮捕证 to arrest 逮捕 arrest 逮捕 responsibility, liability 责任 on probation 缓刑 release on bail 保释 release on parole 假释 to sue, to prosecute 起诉,提起公诉 to call s.o. to witness 作证 eyewitness 目击证人,目击者
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------- institution of proceedings 起诉 accusation 控告,起诉 prosecution 起诉 action, claim 诉讼 cause, suit 诉讼,案件 to lodge a complaint 提起诉讼,提出申诉 to institute proceedings, to bring a lawsuit 进行诉讼 to institute proceedings 进行诉讼 complaint 控告,申诉 justice 审判 to judge 审理,审判 lawsuit 诉讼,官司 trial 审理 claim for damages 要求赔偿损失 claim for compensation 索赔 writ of summons, citation 传唤,传讯 to plead, to claim 辩护 plea 辩护 deposition, evidence 证词 indictment, charge 公诉书,刑事起诉书 count of indictment 起诉书中列举的罪项 to plead guilty 服罪 sworn statement 誓词 on oath 发誓 accuser 原告 plaintiff 原告 the opposing party, the other side 对方当事人 accused, defendant 被告 delinquent, offender 罪犯 guilty party, culprit 有罪一方,当事人 recidivist 惯犯 accomplice 共犯 complicity 同谋,共谋 harbourer 窝藏(罪犯) (美作:harborer) receiver 隐匿(赃物),窝赃 in flagrante delicto 在作案现场 with malice aforethought 预谋不轨 public hearing 公平 in camera 秘密审议 witness for the prosecution 原告证人 witness for the defence 被告证人 proof, evidence 证据,证词 witness box 证人席 (美作:witness stand) dock 被告席 self-defence 正当防卫 (美作:self-defense) force majeure, act of God 不可抗力 to pronounce sentence 宣判 miscarriage of justice 审判不当,误判 sentence 宣判,判决 convict 既决犯,被制罪者 judgment by default 缺席审判 to be ordered to pay costs 判处交纳诉讼费用 acquittal 宣告无罪,开释 verdict of not guilty 无罪的判决 petition for a reprieve 缓刑起诉书 stay of proceedings 停止进行诉讼 nonsuit 驳回 to appeal, to lodge an appeal 上诉 Infractions 违法 offence 违法 (美作:offense) attempt 未遂罪 unfulfilment 未实现 nonobservance 未遵守 injustice 不法行为 threat, menace 恐吓 high treason 叛国罪 adultery 通奸 forgery, forging, counterfeiting 伪造 perjury 伪证 to bear false witness, to commit perjury 犯伪证罪 attempted murder 谋杀未遂 assassination, murder 暗杀,行刺 homicide 杀人罪 infanticide, child murder 杀婴罪 assault and battery 殴打,侵犯人身罪 kidnapping, abduction 诱拐,拐骗 highjacking 劫持(飞机) piracy 海盗罪 rape, violation 强奸 conspiracy, plot 结伙阴谋,共谋 theft, larceny 盗窃 armed robbery 持械抢劫 housebreaking, burglary 入室行窃 contraband, smuggling 走私 swindle 诈骗 embezzlement 贪污公款 prevarication 推诿 bribery, suborning 行贿,受贿,贿赂 breach of contract 违约,违反合同 fraud 欺诈 tax evasion 偷税 misuse of authority 滥用职权 corruption 贪污腐化 usurpation 强夺 blackmail 敲诈,勒索 calumny, slander 诽谤 intoxication 酗酒 disturbance of the peace 扰乱治安 Punishment 刑罚 prison, gaol 监狱 (美作:jail) imprisonment 监禁 death sentence, death penalty 死刑 life imprisonment 无期徒刑 hard labour 强迫劳役 (美作:hard labor) fine 罚款 embargo 扣押 local banishment 驱逐出境 attainder 剥夺公民权和没收财产 indemnity, indemnification, compensation 赔偿 extradition 引渡 alimony, allowance 抚养费 Other terms 其他词汇 birth certificate 出生证明 marriage certificate 结婚证书 death certificate 死亡证明书 extract from police records 违禁记录摘录 notarial deed 公证书 bill of sale 抵押证券 lease 租约 proprietorship, ownership 所有权 ownership without usufruct, ownership without use 虚有权 copyright 版权 patent rights 专利权 alienation, transfer, assignment 转让 personal property 个人财产 movables 动产 real estate 不动产 mental derangement, alienation, insanity 精神错乱 fingerprint 指纹 corpse 尸体 mortuary, morgue 太平间,停尸房 autopsy 尸体解剖 file, dossier 文件 naturalization 入籍,归化 will 遗嘱 codicil 遗嘱修改附录 heir, legatee 继承人 inheritance 遗产 emancipation 自立 to come of age 成人 disowning of offspring 声明脱离关系,否认后裔关系 tutelage, guardianship 监护 tutor, guardian 监护人 marriage by proxy 委托代表结婚 to sue for divorce 申请离婚
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------- library municipal 市图书馆 public library 大众图书馆 school library 学校图书馆 college library, university library, academic library 大学图书馆 children's library 儿童图书馆 acquisition department 采访部 exchange of books 图书交换 accessioning, accession of books 图书验收与登录 accession number 登录号 library stamp 图书馆馆章 book card 书卡 book pocket 书袋 date slip 期限表 cataloguing department 编目部 description 著录 classifying 分类 cataloguing 编目 re-cataloguing 目录改编 cataloguer 编目员 card 卡片 card catalogue 卡片目录 ledger catalogue 书本式目录 loose-leaf catalogue 活页目录 catalogue card 目录卡片 classified card 分类卡 author card 作者卡 title card 书名卡 subject card 主题卡 guide card 指引卡 punched card 穿孔卡 microcard 缩微卡 microfilm 缩微胶卷 microfiche 缩微胶片 microprint 缩微印刷品 label 书标 circulation department 流通阅览部 stack room 书库 shelving 排架 book reservation 典藏 circulation desk, delivery desk 出纳台 open shelves 开架式 closed shelves 闭架式 opening hours, hours of service, hours of loan service 开放时间 reader's card, admission card 借书证 call slip 索书单 call number 索书号 in circulation, out 借出 not for circulation 不外借 overdue notice 催还通知 renewal 续借 catalogue room 目录室 card catalogue cabinet 卡片目录柜 classified catalogue 分类目录 title catalogue 书名目录 author catalogue 著者目录 subject catalogue 主题目录 book case 书橱 scroll rack 卷轴架 double-sided book shelves 双面书架 roller shelf 滑动书架 book carrier, book conveyor 运书车 book lift, book elevator 图书升降机 disinfection of books 图书消毒 annual circulation 图书流通率 turnover of books 图书周转 inter-library loan 馆际互借 international loan 国际互借 reading room 阅览室 newspaper reading room 报纸阅览室 periodical reading room 期刊阅览室 newspaper file, newspaper rod 报纸夹 newspaper rack 报架 newspaper clipping 剪报 periodical record card 期刊登记卡 daily periodical card 报纸登记卡 periodica rack 杂志架 magazine binder 杂志夹 bound volume 合订本 exhibition room, exhibition hall 展览室 exhibit rack, display rack 展览架 display window 陈列窗 current issue 现期杂志 back issue, back number 过期杂志 missing issue 缺期期次 supplementary issue 增刊 index 索引 alphabetical index 字顺索引 author index 著者索引 classified index 分类索引 periodical index 期刊索引 subject index 主题索引 title index 书名索引 information 情报, 信息 information material 情报资料 information media 情报载体（指书刊、电影、广播、电视、磁带等） information retrieval 情报检索 information storage 情报贮存 information science 情报学 non-book materials 非书资料（指手稿、乐谱、唱片、地图等） non-print media 非印刷载体（指视听资料） audio-visual book 视听图书（指附有录音带、唱片、幻灯片、录像带、电影等的图书） audiovisual studio 视听室 tape recorder 磁带录音机 cassette tape recorder 盒式磁带录音机 video tape recorder 磁带录像机 TV set 电视机 projector, film projector 电影放映机 slide projector 幻灯机 copier, duplicator xeroxing machine , 印机 microfilm reader 缩微阅读机 book 图书 pamphlet, booklet 小册子 pocket book 袖珍书 miniature edition 微型本 rare book 善本 unique copy 孤本 sample copy 样本 gift 赠本 secondhand book 旧书 front cover 封面 back cover 封底 fly page, flyleaf 扉页 title page 书名页 copyright page 版权页 briefs, synopsis 内容提要 contents 目次 MARC, machine-readable catalogue 机读目录 network 网络 terminal 终端 terminal user 终端设备用户 retrieval 检索 keyword 关键词 descriptor 主题词 thesaurus 主题词表 ISBN (International Standard Book Number) 国际标准图书编号 ISSN (International Standard Serial Number) 国际标准期刊编号 Universal Copyright Convention 国际版权公约 chief librarian, librarian 图书馆长 associate librarian, deputy librarian, sub-librarian 副馆长 clerk 管理员 librarian 馆员 |
