A.
accept - v. to agree to receive　接受
accident - n. something that happens by chance or mistake; an unplanned event　事故
accuse - v. to say a person is responsible for an act or crime; to make a statement
against someone　指责
activist - n. one who seeks change through action 激进分子
administration - n. the executive part of a government, usually headed by a
president or prime minister　政府
admit - v. to accept ("admitted to the United Nations"); to express one's guilt or
responsibility ("He admitted that what he did was wrong.")　承认
adult - n. a grown person　成人
advise - v. to help with information, knowledge or ideas in making a decision　建议
affect - v. to produce an effect on; to influence ("A lack of sleep affected the singer's
performance.")　影响
agency - n. an organization that is part of a larger group ("an agency of the United
Nations")　机构
aggression - n. an attack against a person or country; the violation of a country's
borders　侵略
agriculture - n. farming　农业
air force - n. a military organization using airplanes 空军

album - n. a collection of recorded music 歌集

alcohol - n. a strong, colorless liquid, usually made from grain, used as a drug or in
industrial products　酒精

ally - n. a nation or person joined with another for a special purpose 联合体
ambassador - n. a nation's highest diplomatic representative (to another
government)　大使
amend - v. to add to or to change (a proposal or law)　修正
ammunition - n. the bullets or shells fired from guns　弹药
anarchy - n. a lack of order; lawlessness　无政府状态
ancestor - n. a family member from the past　祖先
ancient - ad. very old; long ago　远古的
anniversary - n. a yearly celebration or observance of an event that happened in the
past 周年
announce - v. to make known publicly; to declare officially　宣布
apologize - v. to express regret for a mistake or accident for which one accepts
responsibility　致歉
appeal - v. to take to a higher court, person or group for a decision; to call on
somebody for help　上诉；呼吁
appear - v. to show oneself; to come into sight; to seem　出现
appoint - v. to name; to choose ("appoint a judge")　任命
approve - v. to agree with; to agree to support　赞成
archeology - n. the scientific study of past human life and activities 考古学
argue - v. to offer reasons for or against something; to dispute; to disagree　争论
arms - n. military equipment; weapons　兵器
arrest - v. to seize a person for legal action; to take as a prisoner　逮捕
artillery - n. big guns　炮
assist - v. to help　帮助
astronaut - n. a person who travels in space　宇航员
astronomy - n. the scientific study of stars and the universe　天文学
asylum - n. political protection given by a government to a person from another
country　政治庇护
atmosphere - n. the gases surrounding any star or planet　大气层
attach - v. to tie together; to connect　系上；连接
attack - n. a violent attempt to damage, injure or kill; v. to start a fight　袭击
attempt - v. to work toward something; to try; to make an effort　尝试
attend - v. to be present at　出席
automobile - n. a vehicle with wheels used to carry people; a car　汽车
average - n. something (a number) representing the middle; ad. common; normal　平均，平常
avoid - v. to stay away from　避免
award - n. an honor or prize for an act or service　奖励


B

balance - v. to make two sides or forces equal 平衡

balloon - n. a device of strong, light material that rises when filled with gas lighter
than air 气球

ballot - n. a piece of paper used for voting 选票

ban - v. to not permit; to stop; n. an official restriction 禁止
bar - v. to prevent or block　禁止，阻碍
barrier - n. anything that blocks or makes an action difficult 障碍
base - n. a military center 军营; v. to establish as a fact 基于 ("Her research was based on
experiments.")　
battle - n. a fight between opposing armed forces　战斗
beat - v. to hit again and again　击打
betray - v. to turn against; to be false to 背叛
bill - n. a legislative proposal　议案
biology - n. the scientific study of life or living things in all their forms　生物学
blame - v. to accuse; to hold responsible　责备
block - v. to stop something from being done; to prevent movement　堵塞，阻碍
bomb - n. a device that explodes with great force 炸弹; v. to attack or destroy with
bombs 炸弹袭击
border - n. a dividing line between nations 边界
boycott - v. to refuse to take part in or deal with　联合抵制
brief - ad. short; not long　简短的
broadcast - v. to send information, stories or music by radio or television; n. a radio
or television program　广播
brown - ad. having the color like that of coffee 褐色的
budget - n. a spending plan　预算
bullet - n. a small piece of metal shot from a gun 子弹
burst - v. to break open suddenly　爆裂
business - n. one's work; buying and selling to earn money; trade　工作，商业

C
cabinet - n. a group of ministers that helps lead a government 内阁
camp - n. a place with temporary housing　露营
campaign - n. a competition by opposing political candidates seeking support from
voters; a connected series of military actions during a war　活动
cancel - v. to end; to stop　取消
cancer - n. a disease in which dangerous cells grow quickly and destroy parts of the
body　癌症
candidate - n. a person who seeks or is nominated for an office or an honor 候选人
capitalism - n. an economic system in which the production of most goods and
services is owned and operated for profit by private citizens or companies 资本主义
capture - v. to make a person or animal a prisoner; to seize or take by force; to get
control of 捕获
case (court) - n. a legal action　案例
case (medical) - n. an incident of disease ("There was only one case of chicken pox
at the school.")　病例
cause - v. to make happen; n. the thing or person that produces a result　导致
ceasefire - n. a halt in fighting, usually by agreement　停火协议
celebrate - v. to honor a person or event with special activities　庆祝
ceremony - n. an act or series of acts done in a special way established by tradition　仪式
chairman - n. a person leading a meeting or an organized group　主席
champion - n. the best; the winner　冠军
charge - v. to accuse someone of something, usually a crime 控诉; n. a statement in
which someone is accused of something 指控
chase - v. to run or go after someone or something　追逐
cheer - v. to shout approval or praise　欢呼
chemicals - n. elements found in nature or made by people; substances used in the
science of chemistry　化学物质
chemistry - n. the scientific study of substances, what they are made of, how they
act under different conditions, and how they form other substances　化学
chief - n. the head or leader of a group 首领; ad. leading; most important 主要的
civilian - ad. not military 平民
civil rights - n. the political, economic and social rights given equally to all people of
a nation 公民权力
claim - v. to say something as a fact 声明
clash - n. a battle 冲突; v. to fight or oppose 发生冲突
clergy - n. a body of officials within a religious organization　神职人员
climate - n. the normal weather conditions of a place　气候
coal - n. a solid black substance used as fuel　煤
coalition - n. forces, groups or nations joined together　联盟
coast - n. land on the edge of the ocean　海岸
colony - n. land controlled by another country or government　殖民地
combine - v. to mix or bring together　联合，结合
command - v. to order; to have power over something　命令
comment - v. to say something about; to express an opinion about something　评论
committee - n. a group of people given special work　委员会
communicate - v. to tell; to give or exchange information　交流，通信
community - n. a group of people living together in one place or area　社区
compare - v. to examine what is different or similar　对比
compete - v. to try to do as well as, or better than, another or others　竞争
complex - ad. of or having many parts that are difficult to understand; not simple 复杂的
compromise - n. the settlement of an argument where each side agrees to accept
less than first demanded　折衷
concern - n. interest, worry ("express concern about") ; v. to fear ("to be
concerned") 关注，关心
condemn - v. to say a person or action is wrong or bad 遣责
condition - n. something declared necessary to complete an agreement 条件; a person's
health 身体状况
conference - n. a meeting 会议
confirm - v. to approve; to say that something is true 确定
conflict - n. a fight; a battle, especially a long one　冲突
congratulate - v. to praise a person or to express pleasure for success or good luck 祝贺
Congress - n. the organization of people elected to make the laws of the United
States (the House of Representatives and the Senate); a similar organization in
other countries　议会
conservative - n. one who usually supports tradition and opposes great change　保守派
constitution - n. the written general laws and ideas that form a nation's system of
government 宪法
contain - v. to hold; to include　包容
container - n. a box, bottle or can used to hold something 容器
continent - n. any of the seven great land areas of the world　大陆
control - v. to direct; to have power over　控制
convention - n. a large meeting for a special purpose　大会
cooperate - v. to act or work together　合作
court - n. where trials take place; where judges make decisions about law　法院
crash - v. to fall violently; to hit with great force　碰撞，坠毁
create - v. to make; to give life or form to　创造
creature - n. any living being; any animal or human　生物
credit - n. an agreement that payments will be made at a later time　信用
crew - n. a group of people working together　全体人员
crime - n. an act that violates a law　罪行
criminal - n. a person who is responsible for a crime　罪犯
crisis - n. an extremely important time when something may become much better or
worse; a dangerous situation　危机
criticize - v. to say what is wrong with something or someone; to condemn; to
judge　批评
crowd - n. a large number of people gathered in one place　人群
crush - v. to damage or destroy by great weight; to defeat completely　压碎
curfew - n. an order to people to stay off the streets or to close their businesses　戒严
current - n. movement of air, water or electricity 水流，电流; ad. belonging to the present time 目前的 ("She found the report in a current publication.")　
custom - n. a long-established belief or activity of a people　习惯，风俗
customs - n. taxes on imports　入关税

D
dam - n. a wall built across a river to hold back flowing water 大坝
damage - v. to cause injury or destruction 摧毁; n. harm; hurt or injury, usually to things 毁坏
deaf - ad. not able to hear　聋的
debate - v. to argue for or against something; n. a public discussion or argument　争论
debt - n. something that is owed; the condition of owing　债务
declare - v. to say; to make a statement　声明
decrease - v. to make less in size or amount　降低
defeat - v. to cause to lose in a battle or struggle; n. a loss; the condition of having
lost　打败
defend - v. to guard or fight against attack; to protect 防卫
deficit - n. a shortage that results when spending is greater than earnings, or
imports are greater than exports　赤字
define - v. to give the meaning of; to explain　定义
delay - v. to decide to do something at a later time; to postpone; to cause to be late　延迟
delegate - n. one sent to act for another; one who represents another　代表
demand - v. to ask by ordering; to ask with force　要求
democracy - n. the system of government in which citizens vote to choose leaders or
to make other important decisions　民主
demonstrate - v. to make a public show of opinions or feelings ("The crowd
demonstrated in support of human rights.") 示威; to explain by using examples ("The
teacher demonstrated the idea with an experiment.") 示范
denounce - v. to accuse of being wrong or evil; to criticize severely　谴责
deny - v. to declare that something is not true; to refuse a request　否认
depend - v. to need help and support　依靠
deplore - v. to regret strongly; to express sadness　表示悲痛
deploy - v. to move forces or weapons into positions for action　部署（军队）
depression - n. severe unhappiness; a period of reduced business and economic
activity during which many people lose their jobs　衰退
describe - v. to give a word picture of something; to give details of something　描述
design - v. to plan or create plans for　设计
desire - v. to want very much; to wish for　愿望
destroy - v. to break into pieces; to end the existence of　摧毁
develop - v. to grow; to create; to experience progress　发展
device - n. a piece of equipment made for a special purpose 设备
dictator - n. a ruler with complete power　独裁者
diet - n. usual daily food and drink　日常饮食
diplomat - n. a person who represents his or her government in dealing with another
government　外交官
direct - v. to lead; to aim or show the way 指引 ("He directed me to the theater."); ad.
straight to something; not through some other person or thing 直接的 ("The path is
direct.")　
direction - n. the way (east, west, north, south); where someone or something came
from or went to　方向
dirt - n. earth or soil　泥土
disappear - v. to become unseen; to no longer exist　消失
disarm - v. to take away weapons; to no longer keep weapons; to make a bomb
harmless by removing its exploding device　解除武装
discuss - v. to talk about; to exchange ideas　讨论
disease - n. a sickness in living things, often caused by viruses, germs or bacteria　疾病
dismiss - v. to send away; to refuse to consider　解散
dispute - v. to oppose strongly by argument; n. an angry debate　争论
dissident - n. a person who strongly disagrees with his or her government　不同政见者
document - n. an official piece of paper with facts written on it, used as proof or
support of something　文件
drown - v. to die under water　溺水
drug - n. anything used as a medicine or in making medicine; a chemical substance
used to ease pain or to affect the mind　药品
dust - n. pieces of matter so small that they can float in the air 灰尘
　
　
E
earn - v. to be paid in return for work done　获得
earthquake - n. a sudden, violent shaking of the earth's surface　地震
ease - v. to reduce; to make less difficult 减轻
ecology - n. the scientific study of the environment and links among living and
material things　环境
economy - n. the system by which money, industry and trade are organized 经济
edge - n. the line where something ends or begins 边缘
effect - n. the result or change caused by something ("The storm had a serious
effect on the economy.") 效果
effort - n. an attempt; the work necessary to do something 努力
elect - v. to choose by voting　选举
electricity - n. a form of energy that flows through wires to provide heat and light,
and power to machines 电力
embassy - n. the offices of an ambassador and his or her assistants 大使馆
emergency - n. an unexpected and dangerous situation demanding quick action 紧急情况
emotion - n. a strong feeling such as love, hate, fear or sadness 感情
employ - v. to give work in return for wages　雇佣
energy - n. power used to do work, usually with machines; the ability and
willingness to be active　能量
enforce - v. to make something be done　强制执行
engine - n. a machine that uses energy to cause movement or to do work 引擎
engineer - n. a person who designs engines, machines, roads, bridges or railroads　　 工程师
environment - n. all surrounding things, conditions and influences that affect life;
the natural world of land, sea, air, plants and animals　环境
equal - ad. the same in amount, size, weight or value; having the same rights　对等的
equipment - n. things, tools or machines needed for a purpose or activity　设备
escape - v. to get free; to get away from; to get out of　逃离
especially - ad. more than others ("We liked the food, especially the fish.")　特别是
establish - v. to bring into existence; to create 建立
estimate - v. to form an opinion about a value, size or amount using less than
complete information　估计
ethnic - ad. of or concerning people belonging to a large group because of their race,
religion, language, tribe or where their ancestors lived 种族的
evaporate - v. to change from a liquid into a gas　蒸发
evidence - n. material or facts that prove something; a reason for believing　证据
evil - ad. not good; extremely bad　邪恶的
examine - v. to study closely　审视，察看
exchange - v. to trade 交易; to give or receive one thing for another　交换
execute - v. to kill　处死
exile - v. to force a person to leave his or her country; to expel 驱逐; n. a person who is
forced to leave his or her country 被驱逐者
exist - v. to be; to live　存在
expand - v. to make larger; to grow larger 扩张
expect - v. to think or believe that something will happen; to wait for an event 期望
expel - v. to force out; to remove from; to send away　驱逐，开除
experience - v. to live through an event, situation or condition 经历("She experienced
great pain."); n. something that one has done or lived through 经历("The experience
caused her great pain.")　
experiment - v. to test 做实验; n. a test or trial carried out to prove if an idea is true or
false, or to discover something　实验
expert - n. a person with special knowledge or training　专家
explode - v. to break apart violently with a loud noise, like a bomb 爆炸
explore - v. to travel in a place that is not well known to learn more about it; to
make a careful search; to examine closely 探索
export - v. to send to another country 出口; n. something sent to another country, usually
for sale 出口商品
express - v. to say clearly 表达
extend - v. to stretch out in area or length 扩展 ; to continue for a longer time 延长
extreme - ad. more than the usual or accepted　极端的
extremist - n. a person with strong religious or political beliefs who acts in an
extreme or violent way 极端主义者

F
fail - v. to not succeed; to not reach a goal　失败
fair - ad. just; honest; what is right　公正
federal - ad. of or having to do with a national or central government 联邦的
fertile - ad. rich in production of plants or animals; producing much 肥沃的，多产的
fierce - ad. extremely strong; violent; angry　猛烈的
financial - ad. of or about the system that includes the use of money, credit,
investments and banks　财政的
fine - n. a payment ordered by a court to punish someone for a crime 罚款; ad. very good 好的; very small or thin　细小的
fireworks - n. rockets producing bright fire in the sky, used in holiday celebrations　鞭炮
firm - ad. not easily moved or changed ("She is firm in her opinion.")　坚定的
fit - v. to be of the correct size or shape ("These shoes fit my feet.")　适合
fix - v. to make good or right again　修理
flee - v. to run away from　逃跑
float - v. to be on water without sinking; to move or be moved gently on water or
through air　飘浮
flood - v. to cover with water 淹没; n. the movement of water out of a river, lake or ocean
onto land　水灾
flow - v. to move like a liquid　流动
fluid - n. any substance that can flow, such as a liquid 液体
forgive - v. to pardon; to excuse; to remove guilt　原谅
former - ad. earlier in time; not now　前任的
forward - ad. the direction in front of; toward the front 向前的
freedom - n. the condition of being free　自由
freeze - v. to cause or to become very cold; to make or to become hard by cold　冰冻
fresh - ad. newly made or gathered; recent　清新的
frighten - v. to cause great fear　使惊吓
fuel - n. any substance burned to create heat or power 燃料
funeral - n. a ceremony held in connection with the burial or burning of the dead　葬礼

G
gain - v. to get possession of; to get more; to increase 获得
gas - n. any substance that is not solid or liquid; any substance that burns to provide
heat, light or power　气体
gather - v. to bring or come together into a group or place 集合; to collect 收集
govern - v. to control; to rule by military or political power　统治
government - n. a system of governing; the organization of people that rules a
country, city or area　政府
grain - n. the seed of grass plants used for food, such as wheat, rice and corn; those
plants that produce the seeds　谷类
gray - ad. having the color like that made by mixing black and white　灰色的
grind - v. to reduce to small pieces by crushing　磨碎
guarantee - v. to promise a result; to promise that something will happen 保证
guerrilla - n. a person who fights as part of an unofficial army, usually against an
official army or police　游击队
guilty - ad. having done something wrong or in violation of a law; responsible for a
bad action　有罪的

H
halt - v. to come or cause to come to a stop; to stop　停止
headquarters - n. the center from which orders are given; the main offices of a
business or organization　司令部
health - n. the general condition of the body and mind; the condition of being free
from sickness or disease　健康
helicopter - n. a machine without wings that can fly up or down or remain in one
place above the ground　直升机
hijack - v. to seize or take control of a vehicle by force 绑架
holy - ad. greatly honored in religion　神圣的
honor - v. to obey; to show strong, good feelings for 尊敬 ("to honor one's parents"); n.
an award; an act of giving special recognition 尊敬("He received many honors for his
efforts to help others.")　
horrible - ad. causing great fear; terrible 可怕的
hostage - n. a person captured and held as a guarantee that a demand or promise
will be honored　人质
hostile - ad. ready to fight; ready for war 敌对的　

I

identify - v. to recognize someone or something and to say who or what they are　识别
illegal - ad. not legal; in violation of a law　非法的
imagine - v. to make a picture in the mind; to form an idea　想象
import - v. to bring from another country 进口; n. something brought from another
country, usually for sale　进口商品
improve - v. to make better; to become better　提高
incident - n. an event or something that happens　事故
incite - v. to urge or cause an action or emotion, usually something bad or violent　煽动
increase - v. to make more in size or amount　增加
independent - ad. not influenced by or controlled by another or others; free;
separate　独立的
individual - n. one person　个人
industry - n. any business that produces goods or provides services; the work and
related activity in factories and offices; all organizations involved in manufacturing　　　 工业，产业，行业
infect - v. to make sick with something that causes disease　传染
inflation - n. a continuing rise in prices while the value of money goes down　通货膨胀
influence - v. to have an effect on someone or something; to cause change　影响
inform - v. to tell; to give knowledge to　告知
inject - v. to force a fluid into, such as putting medicine or drugs into the body
through the skin　注射
injure - v. to cause harm or damage to a person or animal　伤害
innocent - ad. not guilty of a crime; not responsible for a bad action　无辜的
insane - ad. mentally sick　患精神病的
inspect - v. to look at something carefully; to examine, especially by an expert　视察
instrument - n. a tool or device designed to do something or to make something　器械
insult - v. to say something or to do something that makes another person angry or
dishonored　侮辱
intelligence - n. the ability to think or learn; information gathered by spying　智慧
intelligent - ad. quick to understand or learn　有才智的
intense - ad. very strong; extremely serious　剧烈的
interest - n. what is important to someone 利益 ("He acted to protect his interests." "She
had a great interest in painting."); a share in owning a business; money paid for the
use of money borrowed　利息
interfere - v. to get in the way of; to work against; to take part in the activities of
others, especially when not asked to do so　干涉
intervene - v. to come between; to come between in order to settle or solve　干预，介入
invade - v. to enter an area or country by force with an army　侵略
invest - v. to give money to a business or organization with the hope of making
more money　投资
investigate - v. to study or examine all information about an event, situation or
charge; to search for the truth　调查，研究
involve - v. to take part in; to become a part of; to include　包括
issue - n. an important problem or subject that people are discussing or arguing
about　事件

J
jail - n. a prison for those waiting to be tried for a crime or for those serving sentences　
for crimes that are not serious 监狱
joint - ad. shared by two or more　共同的
jury - n. a group of people chosen to decide what is true in a trial　陪审团
just - ad. only ("Help me for just a minute."); very shortly before or after the
present ("He just left.") 刚才; at the same time 同时 ("He left just as I came in."); what is
right or fair 公正的 ("The law is just, in my opinion.")

K
kidnap - v. to seize and take away by force　绑架
knowledge - n. that which is known; learning or understanding 知识

L
labor - n. work; workers as a group 劳动力
laboratory - n. a room or place where experiments in science are done 实验室
lack - v. to be without; n. the condition of needing, wanting or not having　缺乏
launch - v. to put into operation; to begin开办; to send into the air or space 发射
leak - v. to come out of or to escape through a small opening or hole (usually a gas
or liquid)　漏
legal - ad. of or in agreement with the law　合法的
legislature - n. a government lawmaking group　立法机构
liberal - ad. one who usually supports social progress or change　自由主义的
lightning - n. light produced by electricity in the air, usually during a storm　闪电
link - v. to connect; to unite one thing or event with another; n. a relation between
two or more things, situations or events　联系
literature - n. all the poems, stories and writings of a period of time or of a country　文学
load - v. to put objects on or into a vehicle or container 装载. that which is carried 负荷
loan - n. money borrowed that usually must be returned with interest payments; 借款
local - ad. about or having to do with one place 本地的
loyal - ad. showing strong friendship and support for someone or something　忠诚的

M
majority - n. the greater number; more than half　多数
manufacture - v. to make goods in large amounts　制造
march - v. to walk in a group like soldiers; to walk together in a large group to
protest about something　游行
market - n. a place or area where goods are sold, bought or traded; an economic
system in which the prices of things are decided by how many there are and how
much money people are willing to pay for them　市场
mass - n. an amount of matter having no special form and usually of a large size 大量事物
mate - v. to bring together a male and a female to create another creature　使配对
mathematics - n. the science dealing with amounts, sizes and shapes, as explained
by numbers and signs　数学
mayor - n. the chief official of a city or town government　市长
measure - v. to learn the amount, size or distance of something 测量. an action taken 措施　a legislative proposal 议案
media - n. all public information organizations, including newspapers, television and
radio　媒体
melt - v. to make a solid into a liquid by heating it　融化
member - n. one of a group　成员
memorial - n. something done or made to honor the memory of a person or event　纪念的
mental - ad. about or having to do with the mind　精神的
mercy - n. kindness toward those who should be punished; the power to be kind or
to pardon　仁慈
message - n. written or spoken news or information; a note from one person to
another person or group　消息
metal - n. a hard substance such as iron, steel or gold 金属
method - n. the way something is done　方法
microscope - n. a device used to make very small things look larger so they can be
studied　显微镜
militant - n. someone active in trying to cause political change, often by the use of
force or violence　斗士
military - n. the armed forces of a nation or group; ad. of or about the armed forces　军方
mineral - n. a substance found in nature that is not an animal or a plant, such as coal
or salt　矿物
minister - n. a member of a cabinet; a high government official ("prime minister,"
"foreign minister")　部长
minor - ad. small in size; of little importance　少数的
minority - n. the smaller number; opposite majority　少数
missile - n. any weapon that can be thrown or fired through the air and explodes
when it reaches its target　导弹
missing - ad. lost; not found　遗失的
mob - n. a large group of wild or angry people　暴徒
moderate - ad. not extreme　温和的
moral - ad. concerning what is right or wrong in someone's actions　道德的
motion - n. a movement; a continuing change of position or place　运动，动作
mourn - v. to express or feel sadness　哀悼
mystery - n. something that is not or cannot be explained or understood; a secret　　　 神秘事物
　
N
natural - ad. of or about nature; normal; common to its kind　自然的
navy - n. the part of a country's military force trained to fight at sea　海军
negotiate - v. to talk about a problem or situation to find a common solution　商议
neutral - ad. not supporting one side or the other in a dispute　 中立的
nominate - v. to name someone as a candidate for an election; to propose a person
for an office or position　 提名
nowhere - ad. not in, to or at any place 到处都没有
nuclear - ad. of or about the energy produced by splitting atoms or bringing them
together; of or about weapons that explode by using energy from atoms 核的

O
obey - v. to act as one is ordered to act 遵从
object - v. to show that one does not like or approve; to protest 反对; n. something not
alive that can be seen or touched　物体
observe - v. to watch; to look at carefully; to celebrate or honor something ("They
will observe the anniversary of the day she was born.")　观察
occupy - v. to take and hold or to control by force　占领
offensive - n. a military campaign of attack 攻击; ad. having to do with attacking 攻击性的
offer - v. to present or propose 提供; n. the act of presenting or proposing 提议; that which is presented or proposed　提供物
officer - n. a person in the military who commands others; any person who is a
member of a police force　武官
official - n. a person with power in an orgaization; a representative of an
organization or government; ad. of or about an office; approved by the government
or someone in power　文官
operate - v. to do work or a job 执行; to cut into the body for medical reasons 手术
opinion - n. a belief based on one's own ideas and thinking　意见
oppose - v. to be against; to fight against　反对
opposite - ad. different as possible; completely different from ; exactly the other way
("North is the opposite direction from south.")　相反的
oppress - v. to make others suffer; to control by the use of unjust and cruel force or
power 压迫
orbit - v. to travel in space around a planet or other object 绕轨道而行; n. the path or way an object travels in space around another object or planet　轨道
oust - v. to force to leave; to remove by force　剥夺
overthrow - v. to remove from power; to defeat or end by force　推翻
owe - v. to pay or have to repay (usually money) in return for something received　欠