Admission Number（准许入境编号）：表I-94上所用编号（在F-1或M-1非移民签证的情况下，则是I-20 ID印件上所用编号），供移民归化局（INS）查询此人时备用。也称“身份编号”（Identification Number）。

Alien Registration Number（外侨登记号码）：简称“A”号码（“A”Number）。本来是美国政府给予移民的身份编号（Identification number），在某些情况下，由美国移民归化局斟酌决定，这种登记号码也可能给予非移民学生和交流学者。不过，多数持有F-1、J-1和M-1签证留学美国的学生没有“A”号码。

“Arrival/Departure record” （Form I-94） （表I-94，入境－出境记录）：移民归化局文件，在美国入境地点签发，作为外国国民合法进入美国的证明。表上明确注明证件持有者许可在逗留的期限，或是确定一个固定的“截止日期”（expiration date），或是注上“D/S”字样。“D/S”意为“身份有效期”（duration of status），允许证件持有者在美国逗留到达成业经批准的目的为止。

“Certificate of Compliance”（守法证书）：付税情况审查记录文件，签发给离境外国国民，以证明当事人业已付清全部所得税。在一般情况下，F-1、J-1和M-1非移民签证的持有者需要守法证书。守法证书也称“离境签证”（Exit Visa）或“离境许可证”（Sailing Permit）。

“Certificate of Eligibility”（身份合格证书）：即表I-20 A-B、表I-20 M-N或表IAP-66.表I-20A-B和表I-20 M-N由同意录取该外国学生为正规全日制学生来美学习的得到承认的美国高等院校、职业学校或其他非学术性院校签发。表IAP-66（交流学者身份合格证）则由组织该项交流活动的单位或同意其进入该校的美国高等院校签发。表I-20和表IAP-66均非签证，它们只是申请签证的先决条件，仅仅说明持有者具有申请非移民学生签证的资格。

Change of Status （改变身份）：即变换所持非移民签证的种类。改变身份务必得到移民归化局的批准。

Dependent（家属）：需依靠另一人支持者。从移民归化局处理有关事项的角度说，“家属”仅指本人的配偶和十八岁以下的未婚子女。

Deportation（驱逐出境）：指从一个国家将另一国被认定为非法入境或其居住有碍公共利益的公民强行赶走。

Duration of Status（身份有效期）：简称“D/S”。移民归化局在表I-94（参阅“入境－出境记录”Arrival/Departure Record栏目）上的用词，意为该外国留学生或交流学者在美国逗留的期限为完成一个（或若干个）业已批准项目的需用时间另加三十天。

Employment（就业）：一个人参加挣工资的工作通称就业。为了保障美国公民的就业，外国留学生、交流学者及其配偶的就业须受有关条例的限制。

Exchange Visitor（交流学者）：持有J-1签证，根据某个“交流学者”项目来美从事文化、教育方面活动的外国公民。

Exit Visa（离境签证）：参阅“Certificate of Compliance”（守法证书）栏目

Extension of Stay（延长居留期）：签证持有者在美国逗留时间超过表I-94入境－出境记录所注明的截止日期须经移民归化局批准。

F-1签证：美国非移民签证的一种，专门签发给由一座得到承认的美国高等院校同意录取来美进行学术性正规学习的正式学生。

Ｆ-2签证：美国非移民签证的一种，专门签发给F-1签证持有者的家属（指配偶和十八岁以下的未婚子女）。

Foreign Student Office（外国留学生办公室）：设在各大学的校园内办事处，负责为外国学生和交流学者提供帮助和咨询服务。有些地方称为“国际服务办公室”（Office of International Services）、“国际教育事宜办公室”（Office of International Education）、“国际交流项目办公室”（Office of International Programs ）等。Form I-20 A-B（表I-20 A-B）：“Certificate of Eligibility”（身份合格证书）

Form I-20 ID Copy（表I-20 ID印件）：签发给持有F-1和M-1非移民签证者，他们或是在入境地点领取，或是在美国境内获得这种身份时领取，用以记录与F-1或M-1学生非移民身份有关的一切事项。对持F-1非移民签证的学生，表I-20 ID印件可纳入表I-20 A-B，成为它的一个部分。对持M-1非移民签证的学生，表I-20 ID印件则可纳入表I-20 M-N，成为它的一个部分。

Form I-20 M-N（表I-20 M-N）：“Certificate of Eligibility”（身份合格证书）

Form I-94（表I-94）：即“Arrival/Departure Record”（入境－出境记录）。

Form I-538（表I-538）：持有F-1或M-1非移民签证者，要求延长在美国逗留期限、申请部分时间就业、从事实习或转换学校时，需要填写的申请表。

Form IAP-66（表IAP-66）：由授权组织交流学者在美国活动的学校、单位、代理机构或基金会签发给安排在美国从事某项特定教育或文化项目的学生的表格。必须先得到这一表格才能申请进入美国所需的J-1“交流学者”非移民签证。

Full-time Student（全部时间用于学习的正规学生）：正规入学、念满学校规定的全部课程的学生。一般情况下，大学本科生至少要念满１２个学分课时（credit hours）或学分（units），研究生至少要念满９个学分课时或学分。持有F-1、J-1和M-1非移民签证的学生必须在学年的每个学期（不包括暑期）遵守这一规定。

Home-Residence Requirement（学成归国的规定）：某些持有J-1签证的“交流学者”，在美国完成其“交流学者”项目后，必须回祖国至少两年，然后才有资格以移民身份或者“H”或“L”类非移民身份（“H”or “L”non-immigrant classifications）再来美国。

Identification Number（身份编号）：参阅“Admission Number”（准允入境编号）栏目。

Immigrant（移民）：到不是本人祖国的另一国家长期定居的人。

Immigration and Naturalization Service（移民归化局）：缩写为INS.美国司法部所属的一个政府机构，主管移民事宜，并执行有关法律。

INS：美国移民归化局（U.S. Immigration and Naturalization Service）的缩写。

J-1签证：美国非移民签证的一种，专门签发给交流学者，即为某个教育或文化目的来美国从事指定交流项目的人。

J-2签证：美国非移民签证的一种，专门签发给J-1签证持有者的家属（指配偶和十八岁以下的未婚子女）。

一,我背单词从不采用单一方法。而是多种方法相结合。单一的方法再怎末有趣，有用，久了也会腻。
我主要采用的方法有以下几种：
1.构词法 depreciate=de(向下)+preci(价值)+ate(使动后缀)=贬值
2.谐音发 curse“克死”此词是咒骂的意思
3.联想法 meander=me+and+er(her)我和她，此词是漫步的意思
morose“没有rose”此词是郁闷，脾气坏的意思
4.新老单词一起记。night是黑夜的意思，knight是骑士，爵士的意思
5.有相同部分的一起背 project方案inject注射reject拒绝，驳回 subject科目eject排斥，喷射，object目的，物体
6同音词一起背mare母马mayor市长 2个单词音是一样的，记市长骑母马
7拆成几个熟悉的单词背。如reinforce=re+in+force

二,那是扯的，我高考英语差几分满分，我身边不少人的英语也不错，但没见谁真能这么牛。别相信那些所谓的“学习方法”，那些做代言的多半是猪油蒙了心，睁眼说瞎话。他说的一天三百个，以前已经认识过的有多少？要知道以前基础好的人，一百个词里面可能就那么10个左右他没见过，三百个里面要真正花时间记的就那么几十个。
高考了别自乱阵脚，别花太多时间在单词上，多写写模拟题和高考真题，培养答题的感觉和对试卷的整体把握是这个时期的关键，在累的时候就把以前做错的题目拿出来看一看。记住，高考是不专门考单词拼写的，别因小失大，那些太困难又不常用的词随他去吧。
祝成功。

三,奇特有趣的事物，往往能使你经久不忘，记单词也是同理。安徒生有一篇童话的英文题为Nightingale ，这么长的词怎么记容易些？可记住这样一句话：“大风中的夜晚有夜莺在歌唱”。分解开为：night in gale 。这样，不仅可记住 nightingale （夜莺）这个词，还能多学一个生词 gale （大风），像这样通过奇趣联想巧记单词的例子，可以举出不少：

1/ comet （彗星）；planet（行星）：t 来到彗星 ，见行星上有计划与飞机

2/prose ； sword ：P 使玫瑰变成散文； S 把词变成剑

3/ donkey 带钥匙的先生骑头驴 （don ~ 先生，西班牙绅士 ）

4/ sea ， seal （海豹）l 来到大海变成海豹 ；bowl ：猫头鹰（owl ）戴上“b”帽变成碗

5/kidnap ：小山羊打盹遭绑架 （kid 小山羊；nap 打盹 ）

6/ carpet （地毯） ：轿车后面载宠物（pet ）变成地毯

7/ stable /table ：桌子前放个“ S”是“稳定的”

8/ boyhood ：少年时代男孩戴头巾 （hood 头巾，作为后缀的 –hood 表示“身份”“资格”“…时代 “）

这是四川抗震救灾中张敏亮老师喜欢的一首歌中的一句话.

张敏亮老师和谭千秋老师用自己的身躯救活了自己的学生,而他们去了.

留下的不仅仅是师德,还有人间真诚的爱!

中国人的骄傲!

中国挺住!中国加油!

坚持!坚韧!坚守!坚信!坚强!

逝去的安详,活着的坚强!

愈艰难就要愈坚强!

第1部分 整体建议

　　1. We'd better develop our interest in English at the beginning of our study. To develop interest in English study is not very hard. We may have the feeling of satisfaction and achievement from our English study when we are able to say something simple in English, talk with others or foreigners in English and act as others' interpreters.

　　在英语学习之初,我们应该注重培养对英语学习的兴趣.培养对英语的兴趣并不难.当我们可以说点儿简单的英语,用英语与别人或与老外交谈,或作别人的翻译时,我们就可以从英语学习中得到满足感和成就感,这样,兴趣就培养起来了.请注意,这种满足感和成就感很重要!

　　2. Plans are always very essential, so we must make some elaborate and workable plans before study. And we should certainly carry out these plans to the letter.

　　制定英语学习计划太重要了,所以我们必须在学习前制定精细的和可操作的计划. 并且我们一定要严格执行这些计划.请注意:千万不要干没有计划的傻事,那等于在浪费生命.

　　3. Notes should be made whenever we study any book. We may follow this advice: Don't read book without making notes. As we know that notes are the summarization, the core content, our understanding and the abbreviations of the books. Our notes are much thinner than the books so that we can learn them by heart easier and can often review and read them. We may also record our notes on tapes so as to often listen to them easier, to deepen our impression and to lighten our burden of memory. Sometimes it is needful to draw some tables and illustrations that are very impressive, visual and concise.

　　无论学习什么,我们都要作笔记.我们可以参照下面的忠告:不作笔记就不要读书.如您所知,笔记是我们对所学课本的总结,中心内容,我们的理解和课本的缩略.笔记要比课本薄的多,我们可以较容易的记忆和经常复习他们.更胜一畴的做法是把笔记录成音,这样我们可以经常听一听来加深印象和减轻记忆负担.

　　4. Watching English movies, English TV programs, listening to English songs and learn English on some special occasions are also excellent and vivid English learning ways as we may combine English with some certain scenes to deepen our memory.

　　看英文电影,收看英语电视节目,听英文歌曲和在某些特定场景学习英语也是很棒和很生动的英语学习方式,因为这样我们可以把所学英语与某些特定的场景联系起来以加深记忆.

　　5. Never just memorize single English words. Learn by heart the whole sentences and the phrases that contain the new words so we may know how to use the words.

　　请不要孤立地背英语单词.请背记包含生词的句子或词组,这样我们才真正能运用这些词汇,而且印象更深.

　　6. If time permits, we may read Mini Chinese-English dictionary carefully from cover to cover, which may help us widen our sight and master knowledge in all aspects.

　　如果时间允许,通读小小汉英字典对于英语学习也帮助很大.他能帮助我们扩大视野并全方位地掌握所学知识.

　　7. Excellent personality is one of the decisive factors in English study. Persistence, patience, self-confidence and determination are badly needed.　

　　优秀的性格也是英语学习的关键因素之一,坚持,忍耐,自信和坚定都是很重要的.当然如果兴趣培养得好, 可适当削弱这方面的要求.

　　Part 2 Detailed methods(第2部分 具体方法)

　　1. Oral English(口语学习)

　　A. We study spoken English so as to make oral communications, so this order of importance of oral English study should be followed: Fluency, Accuracy, and Appropriateness. That is to say, we have to pay more attention to practical communicating ability instead of only laying emphasis on the grammatical correctness.

　　我们学习口语目的是为了与别人进行交流,所以英语口语中的几个要素的重要次序应为:流利-准确-恰当.

　　B. Try to find some partners practicing oral English together and English corner is a good place as where we may exchange English study experience, widen our sight and improve interest in English.

　　努力寻找学伴一起练习口语.英语角是个不错的地方,在那我们不但可以练习口语,还可以交流英语学习经验,开拓视野,提高英语学习兴趣.

　　C. If English partners are not easy to get, then we have to create an English environment ourselves by speaking English to ourselves.

　　如果找不到学伴或参加英语角的机会很少,那么就需要通过自己对自己将英语来创造英语环境.比如对自己描述所看到的景物,英语口述自己正在作的事情.

　　D. This method is very effective and easy to insist on--interpreting Chinese-English novels or books. First we read the Chinese parts and then try to interpret them into English and then compare our interpretation with the original versions in the novels or books so that we can find out the mistakes, shortcomings and progresses in our interpretation.

　　这种方法非常有效且很容易坚持---口译汉英对照(或英汉对照)的小说或其它读物.首先我们先读汉语部分,然后逐句直接口译成英文,完成一小段后,去看书上的对应英文部分并与我们的口译进行比较,我们马上可以发现我们口译的错误,缺点和进步.

　　请注意:开始要选择较简单的读物.

　　这样作的好处:

　　1. 自己就可以练习口语,想练多久,就练多久.

　　2. 始终有一位高级教师指出您的不足和错误---英文原文.

　　3. 题材范围极广,可以突破我们自己的思维禁锢,比如我们总是喜欢谈论我们自己熟悉的话题,所以我们总是在练习相同的语言,进步当然就缓慢了.

　　4. 选择小说,幽默故事或好的短文阅读,使我们有足够的兴趣坚持下去.

　　5. 有一些我们在直接学习英语课文时被我们熟视无睹的地道的英语用法会被此法发掘出来.

　　6. 对所学知识和所犯错误印象深刻.这等于我们一直在作汉译英练习,很多英文译文是我们费尽心思憋出来的,所以印象相当深刻.比直接学习英文课文印象要深的多.

　　E. Interpreting what you hear---Changing Roles: Three people make a group: one speaks Chinese, one speaks English acting as the foreigner, one acts as interpreter. Then change roles. This is a good interpreting training method and is good for studying from one another. In addition, it may improve the responding ability and speed of students. The advanced stage of this method is simultaneous interpretation.

　　听译法-角色互换:三人一组,模拟翻译实战.一人将汉语,一人将英语,扮演老外,一人作翻译.练习一段时间后互换角色.这是一种非常好的翻译训练方法,也是很好的相互学习,取长补短的方法.而且可大大提高反应速度和能力.此法的高级阶段为同声传译,我们可以在听广播或看电视或开会时,把所听内容口译英文.

　　F. Oral composition and 3-minute training method: This method is suitable for intense training. Making an oral composition about a certain topic for one minute the first time and record the composition on tape at the same time. Then listen to the composition and find out the room for improvement. Then make the same composition for two minutes for the second time and also record it. And at last repeat the above-mentioned for three minutes.

　　口语作文和3分钟训练法:此法适用于强化训练.找好一个题目作一分钟的口语作文,同时将其录音.听录音,找出不足和错误,就此题目再作两分钟的的口语作文,同样录音,再听并找出不足与进步,继续作三分钟口语作文.这是高级口语训练,效果不俗.

　　G. Retelling exercise: Retell some articles or English stories in our own words.

　　复述练习:用自己的话口语复述我们所听的英语故事或文章.

　　H. If possible, we may read some English tongue twisters loudly and quickly with one or two cakes of candy in our mouth (just as the Chinese cross-talk actors do.) to train our oral cavity muscle and tongues suitable for English pronunciation.

　　如果可能我们也可以大声且快速朗读英文绕口令(就象相声演员练嘴),还可以同时口中含块糖以加大强化训练的力度.这样来强我们的口腔肌肉迅速适应英文发音,使我们的口语相当流利,清晰,而且还有自信.例如:

　　☆A big black bug bit the back of a big black bear. The big black bear bit back the big black bug.

　　☆This fish has a thin fin; That fish has a fat fin;

　　This fish is a fish that has a thinner fin than that fish.

　　I. Paying more attention to phrases and small words as one major shortcoming of Chinese English (especially Chinese oral English) is that Chinese students tend to use big words in their oral language, but the idiomatic oral English is abundant with short, active and vivid phrases. And most of such phrases are made of small words.

　　特别注意短语(词组)和小词的运用,中国式的英语尤其是口语一个很大的缺点就是中国学生喜欢用大词,而真正地道的英语口语确是充满着短小,活泼,生动的短语,富有生气.而这些短语大部分有小词构成.

　　J. Oral English has its own features, but it is closely combined with other aspects of English, for example, writing may make oral English precise and accurate.

口语随自有特色,但与英语的其它方面紧密相连.比如,经常练习写作,可是口语精密,准确.

　　2. Listening comprehension听力

　　A. We may improve our aural ability by speaking English in the native and idiomatic way. The pronunciation, intonation and sentence structure should not be in Chinese style.

　　可以通过讲地道的口语来提高听力.发音,语调和句子结构请不要中国化.既然能说出来,当然能听懂.当然这样作有点难.

　　B. Keeping a relaxed, natural and steady mood when listening to some materials. Namely, to establish self-confidence and to develop excellent psychological quality are essential in the improvement of aural ability.

　　在作听力练习时,力求保持放松,自然和稳定的心态.即建立自信心和培养良好的心理素质在听力提高中致关重要.

　　C. We may make some simple notes while listening, for examples, the names of people and places, time, age, distance, occupation, figures and so on to get a better understanding of the content.

　　在作听力练习时,我们可以作些简单的笔记,例如人名,地名,时间,年龄,职业,数字等以便更好地理解材料.当然还要以听为主.

　　D. Catching the drift of the content instead of understanding every word and never waste too much time on single words.

　　作听力练习要重材料大意, 而不要力求听懂每个词,不要在单个词上浪费太多时间.

　　E. Pay close attention to CONCESSION and TRANSITION so as to correctly understand the attitudes of the speakers. The following words are most important: even though, even so, in spite of, unless, although, no matter, however, whatever, no, nor, neither…nor, but….

　　密切注意听力材料中的让步与转折以便正确把握说话人的态度.特别关注这些词: even though, even so, in spite of, unless, although, no matter, however, whatever, no, nor, neither…nor, but….

　　F. If we may learn by heart new words by listening some word tapes, the results must be satisfactory.

　　在背记生词时,如果能听词汇磁带,那么对听力提高也很有好处.

　　3.Reading skills(阅读)

　　a. Intensive Reading: When we read the intensive articles, we should make notes of the new words and phrases and good sentences. After reading them, we may ask ourselves some questions about them by using such words: Who, What, Why, When and Where. Then try to answer them in our own words.

　　精读:在精读课文时,我们要把生词,词组,句型做成笔记.读后要试着用这些疑问词提问自己:谁,什么,何时,何地且努力用自己的话来回答.

　　b. Extensive reading: We must train our ability to scan, skip and read fast. Namely, the ability to catch the key words, the topic sentences and the drift of the articles.

　　泛读:要培养浏览,跳读和快读的能力.即抓住关键词,主题句和中心大意的能力.

　　c. Reading speed: Three ways to improve our reading speed: 1) Reading the articles from the beginning to the end without intervals so to catch the rough idea of the articles on the whole. Never waste too much time on some new words and single sentences. 2）We may keep time when reading articles.3) When reading articles, we can point at the words with our finger or pen point and our eyes move with the finger quickly so that we are able to read very fast.

　　阅读速度:三种方法提高我们的阅读速度:1.先从头至尾不间断地通读课文以抓住课文大意.不要在单个词或单句上浪费太多时间.2. 阅读时计时.3.阅读时用手指或笔尖指向文章字句并快速移动来迫使我们的眼睛快速随手指或笔尖移动来强化我们的阅读速度.

　　d. Newspaper as good reading materials can widen our sight and richen our knowledge.

　　多读报,多受益:开阔视野,丰富知识,学习流行词语和英语最新发展.

　　4.Writing skills.( 写作)

　　a. We have to accumulate abundant materials before we write something, say, learning by heart crowds of articles.

　　写作需要有很多素材,积累素材很重要.要多背课文.

　　b. Try to express one meaning in various ways.

　　努力用多种方式表达一种意思.

　　c. Keeping English diary if possible.

　　写英语日记.

　　a) Prepare some new words, expressions and good sentences to be used before writing something.

　　在写作前准备一些要用的好词汇,好句子.

　　b) We may also make some English pen pals to establish English communication relationship through some media like newspaper and magazines.

　　结交英语笔友,写英文信.这种方法容易坚持,还很有意思.不妨一试,好处多多.方法就是方法,它最终无法取代刻苦的学习. 不行动,说什么也没用!

第一层级：浏览层级
　　　　快而不深，只在必要的地方停顿。

　　第二层级： 通读层级
　　　　注意目录，问题的提出、结论和重点。

　　第三层级：精读层级
　　　　逐句逐字读，反复阅读，以求烂熟。

　　第四层级：研读层级
　　　　发现书中疑点，形成新思想。

　　第五层级：疑读层级
　　　　综合分析同类书籍的疑点，以形成新的研究课题。

　　第六层级：评读层级
　　　　以深邃的眼光和中肯的态度评论书中的得失。

　　第七层级：展读层级
　　　　读出书前、后、里、外的含义与联系，建构知识的横向联系。

51. Using many symbols makes it possible to put a large amount of inFORMation on a single map.
　　51.使用多种多样的符号可以在一张地图里放进大量的信息。

　　52. Anarchism is a term describing a cluster of doctrines and attitudes whose principal uniting feature is the belief that government is both harmful and unnecessary.
　　52.无政府主义这个词描述的是一堆理论和态度，它们的主要共同点在于相信政府是有害的，没有必要的。

　　53. Probably no man had more effect on the daily lives of most people in the Untied States than did Henry Ford a pioneer in automobile production.
　　53.恐怕没有谁对大多数美国人的日常生活影响能超过汽车生产的先驱亨利.福特。

　　54. The use of well-chosen nonsense words makes possible the testing of many basic hypotheses in the field of language learning.
　　54.使用精心挑选的无意义词汇，可以检验语言学科里许多基本的假定。

　　55. The history of painting is a fascinating chain of events that probably began with the very first pictures ever made.
　　55.优化历史是由一连串的迷人事件组成，其源头大概可以上溯到最早的图画。

　　56. Perfectly matched pearls, strung into a necklace, bring a far higher price than the same pearls told individually.
　　56.相互般配的珍珠，串成一条项链，就能卖到比单独售出好得多的价钱。

　　57. During the eighteenth century, Little Turtle was chief of the Miami tribe whose territory became what is now Indiana and Ohio.
　　57.十八世纪时，"小乌龟"是迈阿密部落的酋长，该部落的地盘就是今天的印第安那州和俄亥俄州。

　　58. Among almost seven hundred species of bamboo, some are fully grown at less than a foot high, while others can grow three feet in twenty-four hours.
　　58.在竹子的近七百个品种中，有的全长成还不到一英尺，有的却能在二十四小时内长出三英尺。

　　59. Before staring on a sea voyage, prudent navigators learn the sea charts, study the sailing directions, and memorize lighthouse locations to prepare themselves for any conditions they might encounter.
　　59.谨慎的航海员在出航前，会研究航向，记录的灯塔的位置，以便对各种可能出现的情况做到有备无患。

　　60. Of all the economically important plants, palms have been the least studied.
　　60.在所有的经济作物中，棕榈树得到的研究最少。

　　61. Buyers and sellers should be aware of new developments in technology can and does affect marketing activities.
　　62. The application of electronic controls made possible by the microprocessor and computer storage have multiplied the uses of the modern typewriter.
62.电脑储存和由于电子微处理机得以实现的电控运用成倍的增加了现代打字机的功能。

　　63. The human skeleton consists of more than two hundred bones bound together by tough and relatively inelastic connective tissues called ligaments.
　　63.人类骨骼有二百多块骨头组成，住些骨头石油坚韧而相对缺乏弹性的，被称为韧带的结蒂组连在一起。

　　64. The pigmentation of a pearl is influenced by the type of oyster in which it develops and by the depth, temperature, and the salt content of the water in which the oyster lives.
　　64.珍珠的色泽受到作为其母体牡蛎种类及牡蛎生活水域的深度，温度和含盐度的制约。

　　65. Although mockingbirds superbly mimic the songs and calls of many birds, they can nonetheless be quickly identified as mockingbirds by certain aural clues.
　　65.尽管模仿鸟学很多种鸟的鸣叫声惟妙惟肖，但人类还是能够依其声音上的线索很快识别它们。

　　66. Not only can walking fish live out of water, but they can also travel short distances over land.
　　66.鲇鱼不仅可以离开水存活，还可以在岸上短距离移动。

　　67. Scientists do not know why dinosaurs became extinct, but some theories postulate that changers in geography, climate, and sea levels were responsible.
　　67.科学家不知道恐龙为何绝种了，但是一些理论推断是地理，气候和海平面的变化造成的。

　　68. The science of horticulture, in which the primary concerns are maximum yield and superior quality, utilizes inFORMation derived from other sciences.
　　68.主要目的在于丰富和优质的农艺学利用了其他科学的知识。

　　69. Snow aids farmers by keeping heart in the lower ground levels, thereby saving the seeds from freezing.
　　69.雪对农民是一种帮助，因为它保持地层土壤的温度，使种子不致冻死。

　　70. Even though the precise qualities of hero in literary words may vary over time, the basic exemplary function of the hero seems to remain constant.
　　70.历代文学作品中的英雄本色虽各有千秋，但其昭世功力却是恒古不变的。

　　71. People in prehistoric times created paints by grinding materials such as plants and clay into power and then adding water.
　　71.史前的人们制造颜料是将植物和泥土等原料磨成粉末，然后加水。

　　72. Often very annoying weeds, goldenrods crowd out less hardy plants and act as hosts to many insect pests.
　　72.黄菊花通常令人生厌，它挤走不那么顽强的植物，并找来很多害虫。

　　73. Starting around 7000 B.C., and for the next four thousand years, much of the Northern Hemisphere experienced temperatures warmer than at present.
　　73.大约从公元前七千年开始，在四千年当中，北半球的温度比现在高。

　　74. When Henry Ford first sought financial backing for making cars, the very notion of farmers and clerks owning automobiles was considered ridiculous.
　　74.当亨利.福特最初制造汽车为寻求资金支持时，农民和一般职员也能拥有汽车的想法被认为是可笑的。

　　75. Though once quite large, the population of the bald eagle across North America has drastically declined in the past forty years.
　　75.北美秃头鹰的数量一度很多，但在近四十年中全北美的秃头鹰数量急剧下降

　　76. The beaver chews down trees to get food and material with which to build its home.
　　76.水獭啃倒树木，以便取食物并获得造窝的材料。

　　77. Poodles were once used as retrievers in duck hunting, but the American Kennel Club does not consider them sporting dogs because they are now primarily kept as pets.
　　77.长卷毛狗曾被用作猎鸭时叼回猎物的猎犬，但是美国Kennel Club却不承认它们为猎犬，因为它们现在大多数作为宠物饲养。

　　78. As a result of what is now know in physics and chemistry, scientists have been able to make important discoveries in biology and medicine.
　　78.物理学和化学的一个成果是使得科学家们能在生物学和医学上获得重大发现。

　　79. The practice of making excellent films based on rather obscure novels has been going on so long in the United States as to constitute a tradition.
　　79.根据默默无闻的小说制作优秀影片在美国由来已久，已经成为传统。

　　80. Since the consumer considers the best fruit to be that which is the most attractive, the grower must provide products that satisfy the discerning eye.
　　80.因为顾客认为最好的水果应该看起来也是最漂亮的，所以种植者必须提供能满足挑剔眼光的产品。

　　81. Television the most pervasive and persuasive of modern technologies, marked by rapid change and growth, is moving into a new era, an era of extraordinary sophistication and versatility, which promises to reshape our lives and our world.
　　81.电视，这项从迅速变化和成长为标志的最普及和最有影响力的现代技术，正在步入一个新时代，一个极为成熟和多样化的时代，这将重塑我们的生活和世界。

　　82. Television is more than just an electronics; it is a means of expression, as well as a vehicle for communication, and as such becomes a powerful tool for reaching other human beings.
　　82.电视不仅仅是一件电器；它是表达的手段和交流的载体并因此成为联系他人的有力工具。

　　83. Even more shocking is the fact that the number and rate of imprisonment have more than doubled over the past twenty years, and recidivism------that is the rate for re-arrest------is more than 60 percent.
　　83.更让人吃惊的事实是监禁的数目和比例在过去的二十年中翻了一番还有余，以及累犯率——即再次拘押的比例——为百分之六十强。

　　84. His teaching began at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, but William Rainey Harper lured him to the new university of Chicago, where he remained officially for exactly a generation and where his students in advanced composition found him terrifyingly frigid in the classroom but sympathetic and understanding in their personal conferences.
　　84.他的教书生涯始于麻省理工学院，但是William Rainey Harper把他吸引到了新成立的芝加哥大学。他在那里正式任职长达整整一代人的时间。他的高级作文课上的学生觉得他在课上古板得可怕，但私下交流却富有同情和理解。

　　85. The sloth pays such little attention to its personal hygiene that green algae grow on its coarse hair and communities of a parasitic moth live in the depths of its coat producing caterpillars which graze on its mouldy hair. Its muscles are such that it is quits incapable of moving at a speed of over a kilometer an hour even over the shortest distances and the swiftest movement it can make is a sweep of its hooked arm.
　　85.树獭即不讲究卫生，以至于它粗糙的毛发上生出绿苔，成群的寄生蛾生长在它的皮毛深处，变成毛毛虫，并以它的脏毛为食。她的肌肉不能让他哪怕在很短的距离以内以每小时一公里的速度移动。它能做的最敏捷的动作就是挥一挥它弯曲的胳膊。

　　86. Artificial flowers are used for scientific as well as for decorative purposes. They are made from a variety of materials, such as way and glass, so skillfully that they can scarcely be distinguished from natural flowers.
　　86.人造花卉即可用于科学目的，也可用于装饰目的，它们可以用各种各样的材料制成，臂如蜡和玻璃；其制作如此精巧，几乎可以以假乱真。

　　87. Three years of research at an abandoned coal mine in Argonne, Illinois, have resulted in findings that scientists believe can help reclaim thousands of mine disposal sites that scar the coal-rich regions of the United States.
　　87.在伊利诺州Angonne市的一个废弃煤矿的三年研究取得了成果，科学家们相信这些成果可以帮助改造把美国产煤区弄得伤痕累累的数千个旧煤场。

　　88. When the persuading and the planning for the western railroads had finally been completed, the really challenging task remained: the dangerous, sweaty, backbreaking, brawling business of actually building the lines.
　　88.当有关西部铁路的说服和规划工作终于完成后，真正艰难的任务还没有开始；即危险，吃力，需要伤筋动骨和吵吵嚷嚷的建造这些铁路的实际工作。

　　89. Because of the space crunch, the Art Museum has become increasingly cautious in considering acquisitions and donations of art, in some cases passing up opportunities to strengthen is collections.
　　89.由于空间不足，艺术博物馆在考虑购买和接受捐赠的艺术品是越来越慎重，有些情况下放弃其进一步改善收藏的机会。

　　90. The United States Constitution requires that President be a natural-born citizen, thirty-five years of age or older, who has lived in the United States for a minimum of fourteen years.
　　90.美国宪法要求总统是生于美国本土的公民，三十五岁以上，并且在美国居住了至少十四年。

　　91. Arid regions in the southwestern United States have become increasingly inviting playgrounds for the growing number of recreation seekers who own vehicles such as motorcycles or powered trail bikes and indulge in hill-climbing contests or in caving new trails in the desert.
　　91.美国西部的不毛之地正成为玩耍的地方，对越来越多拥有摩托车或越野单车类车辆的，喜欢放纵于爬坡比赛或开辟新的沙漠通道的寻欢作乐者具有不断增长的吸引力。

　　92. Stone does decay, and so tools of long ago have remained when even the bones of the man who made them have disappeared without trace.
　　92.石头不会腐烂，所以以前的(石器)工具能保存下来，虽然它们的制造者已经消失的无影无踪。

　　93. Insects would make it impossible for us to live in the world; they would devour all our crops and kill our flocks and herds, if it were not for the protection we get from insect-eating animals.
　　93.昆虫就将会使我们无法在这个世界上居住；如果我们没有受到以昆虫为食的动物的保护，昆虫就会吞嚼掉我们所有的庄稼并杀死我们饲养的禽兽。

　　94. It is true that during their explorations they often faced difficulties and dangers of the most perilous nature, equipped in a manner which would make a modern climber shudder at the thought, but they did not go out of their way to court such excitement.
　　94.确实，他们在探险中遇到了极具威胁性的困难和危险，而他们的装备会让一个现代登山者想一想都会浑身颤栗。不过他们并不是刻意去追求刺激的。

　　95. There is only one difference between an old man and a young one: the young man has a glorious future before him and old one has a splendid future behind him: and maybe that is where the rub is.
　　95.老人和年轻人之间只有一个区别：年轻人的前面有辉煌的未来，老年人灿烂的未来却已在它们身后。这也许就是困难之所在。

　　96. I find young people exciting. They have an air of freedom, and they have not a dreary commitment to mean ambitions or love comfort. They are not anxious social climbers, and they have no devotion to material things.
　　96.我们位年强人振奋。它们带有自由的气息，他们不会为狭隘的野心和贪婪享受而孜孜以求。他们不是焦虑的向上爬的人，他们不会对物质性的东西难舍难分。

　　97. I am always amazed when I hear people saying that sport creates goodwill between the nations, and that if only the common peoples of the world could meet one another at football or cricket, they would have no inclination to meet on the battlefield.
　　97.每次我听说体育运动能够在国家间建立起友好感情，说世界各地的普通人只要能在足球场或板球场上相遇就会没有兴趣在战场上相遇的话，我都倍感诧异。

　　98. It is impossible to say simply for the fun and exercise: as soon as the question of prestige arises, as soon as you feel that you and some larger unit will be disgraced if you lose, the most savage combative instincts are around.
　　98.没有可能仅仅为了娱乐或锻炼而运动：一旦有了问题，一旦你觉得你输了你和你所属团体会有失体面时，你最野蛮的好斗本能就会被激发出来。

　　99. It has been found that certain bats emit squeaks and by receiving the echoes, they can locate and steer clear of obstacles------or locate flying insects on which they feed. This echo-location in bats is often compared with radar, the principle of which is similar.
　　99.人们已经发现，某些蝙蝠发出尖叫声并靠接受回响来锁定和避免障碍物——或者找到它们赖以为生的昆虫。蝙蝠这种回响定位法常拿来和原理与之很相近似的雷达相比。

　　100. As the time and cost of making a clip drop to a few days and a few hundred dollars, engineers may soon be free to let their imaginations soar without being penalized by expensive failure.
　　100.随着芯片制造时间和费用降低到了几天和几百美元，工程师们可能很快可以任他们的想象驰骋而不会被昂贵的失败所惩罚。

1. Typical[典型的] of the grassland[牧草地] dwellers[居民] of the continent[大陆] is the American antelope[羚羊], or pronghorn[叉角羚].
　　1.美洲羚羊，或称叉角羚，是该大陆典型的草原动物。

　　2. Of the millions who saw Haley’s comet[彗星] in 1986, how many people will live long enough to see it return in the twenty-first century.
　　2. 1986年看见哈雷慧星的千百万人当中，有多少人能够长寿到足以目睹它在二十一世纪的回归呢？

　　3. Anthropologists[人类学家] have discovered that fear[害怕], happiness, sadness, and surprise are universally[全体地] reflected[反射的] in facial expressions[表情].
　　3.人类学家们已经发现，恐惧，快乐，悲伤和惊奇都会行之于色，这在全人类是共通的。

　　4. Because of its irritating effect on humans, the use of phenol as a general antiseptic has been largely discontinued.
　　4.由于苯酚对人体带有刺激性作用，它基本上已不再被当作常用的防腐剂了。

　　5. In group to remain in existence, a profit-making organization must, in the long run, produce something consumers consider useful or desirable.
　　5.任何盈利组织若要生存，最终都必须生产出消费者可用或需要的产品。

　　6. The greater the population there is in a locality, the greater the need there is for water, transportation, and disposal of refuse.
　　6.一个地方的人口越多，其对水，交通和垃圾处理的需求就会越大。

　　7. It is more difficult to write simply, directly, and effectively than to employ flowery but vague expressions that only obscure one’s meaning.
　　7.简明，直接，有力的写作难于花哨，含混而意义模糊的表达。

　　8. With modern offices becoming more mechanized, designers are attempting to personalize them with warmer, less severe interiors.
　　8.随着现代办公室的日益自动化，设计师们正试图利用较为温暖而不太严肃的内部装饰来使其具有亲切感。

　　9. The difference between libel and slander is that libel is printed while slander is spoken.
　　9.诽谤和流言的区别在于前者是书面的，而后者是口头的。

　　10. The knee is the joints where the thigh bone meets the large bone of the lower leg.
　　10.膝盖是大腿骨和小腿胫的连接处。

　　11. Acids are chemical compounds that, in water solution, have a sharp taste, a corrosive action on metals, and the ability to turn certain blue vegetable dyes red.
　　11.酸是一种化合物，它在溶于水时具有强烈的气味和对金属的腐蚀性，并且能够使某些蓝色植物染料变红。

　　12. Billie Holiday’s reputation as a great jazz-blues singer rests on her ability to give emotional depth to her songs.
　　12. Billie Holiday’s作为一个爵士布鲁斯乐杰出歌手的名声建立在能够赋予歌曲感情深度的能力。

　　13. Essentially, a theory is an abstract, symbolic representation of what is conceived to be reality.
　　13.理论在本质上是对认识了的现实的一种抽象和符号化的表达。

　　14. Long before children are able to speak or understand a language, they communicate through facial expressions and by making noises.
　　14.儿童在能说或能听懂语言之前，很久就会通过面部表情和靠发出噪声来与人交流了。

　　15. Thanks to modern irrigation, crops now grow abundantly in areas where once nothing but cacti and sagebrush could live.
　　15.受当代灌溉(技术设施)之赐，农作物在原来只有仙人掌和荞属科植物才能生存的地方旺盛的生长。

　　16. The development of mechanical timepieces spurred the search for more accurate sundials with which to regulate them.
　　16.机械计时器的发展促使人们寻求更精确的日晷，以便校准机械计时器。

　　17. Anthropology is a science in that anthropologists use a rigorous set of methods and techniques to document observations that can be checked by others.
　　17.人类学是一门科学，因为人类学家采用一整套强有力的方法和技术来记录观测结果，而这样记录下来的观测结果是供他人核查的。

　　18. Fungi are important in the process of decay, which returns ingredients to the soil, enhances soil fertility, and decomposes animal debris.
　　18.真菌在腐化过程中十分重要，而腐化过程将化学物质回馈于土壤，提高其肥力，并分解动物粪便。

　　19. When it is struck, a tuning fork produces an almost pure tone, retaining its pitch over a long period of time.
　　19.音叉被敲击时，产生几乎纯质的音调，其音量经久不衰。

　　20. Although pecans are most plentiful in the southeastern part of the United States, they are found as far north as Ohio and Illinois.
　　20.虽然美洲山河桃树最集中于美国的东南部但是在北至俄亥俄州及伊利诺州也能看见它们。

　　21. Eliminating problems by transferring the blame to others is often called scape-goating.
　　21.用怪罪别人的办法来解决问题通常被称为寻找替罪羊。

　　22. The chief foods eaten in any country depend largely on what grows best in its climate and soil.
　　22.一个国家的主要食物是什么，大体取决于什么作物在其天气和土壤条件下生长得最好。

　　23. Over a very large number of trials, the probability of an event’s occurring is equal to the probability that it will not occur.
　　23.在大量的实验中，某一事件发生的几率等于它不发生的几率。

　　24. Most substance contract when they freeze so that the density of a substance’s solid is higher than the density of its liquid.
24.大多数物质遇冷收缩，所以他们的密度在固态时高于液态。

　　25. The mechanism by which brain cells store memories is not clearly understood.
　　25.大脑细胞储存记忆的机理并不为人明白。

　　26. By the middle of the twentieth century, painters and sculptors in the United States had begun to exert a great worldwide influence over art.
　　26.到了二十一世纪中叶，美国画家和雕塑家开始在世界范围内对艺术产生重大影响。

　　27. In the eastern part of New Jersey lies the city of Elizabeth, a major shipping and manufacturing center.
　　27.伊丽莎白市，一个重要的航运和制造业中心，坐落于新泽西州的东部。

　　28. Elizabeth Blackwell, the first woman medical doctor in the United States, founded the New York Infirmary, an institution that has always had a completely female medical staff.
　　28. Elizabeth Blackwell，美国第一个女医生，创建了员工一直为女性纽约诊所。

　　29. Alexander Graham Bell once told his family that he would rather be remembered as a teacher of the deaf than as the inventor of the telephone.
　　29. Alexander Graham Bell曾告诉家人，他更愿意让后人记住他是聋子的老师，而非电话的发明者。

　　30. Because its leaves remain green long after being picked, rosemary became associated with the idea of remembrance.
　　30.采摘下的迷迭香树叶常绿不衰，因此人们把迷迭香树与怀念联系在一起

　　31. Although apparently rigid, bones exhibit a degree of elasticity that enables the skeleton to withstand considerable impact.
　　31.骨头看起来是脆硬的，但它也有一定的弹性，使得骨骼能够承受相当的打击。

　　32. That xenon could not FORM chemical compounds was once believed by scientists.
　　32.科学家曾相信：氙气是不能形成化合物的。

　　33. Research into the dynamics of storms is directed toward improving the ability to predict these events and thus to minimize damage and avoid loss of life.
　　33.对风暴动力学的研究是为了提高风暴预测从而减少损失，避免人员伤亡。

　　34. The elimination of inflation would ensure that the amount of money used in repaying a loan would have the same value as the amount of money borrowed.
　　34.消除通货膨胀应确保还贷的钱应与所贷款的价值相同。

　　35. Futurism, an early twentieth-century movement in art, rejected all traditions and attempted to glorify contemporary life by emphasizing the machine and motion.
　　35.未来主义，二十世纪早期的一个艺术思潮。拒绝一切传统，试图通过强调机械和动态来美化生活。

　　36. One of the wildest and most inaccessible parts of the United States is the Everglades where wildlife is abundant and largely protected.
　　36. Everglades是美国境内最为荒凉和人迹罕至的地区之一，此处有大量的野生动植物而且大多受(法律)保护。

　　37. Lucretia Mott's influence was so significant that she has been credited by some authorities as the originator of feminism in the United States.
　　37. Lucretia Mott's的影响巨大，所以一些权威部门认定她为美国女权运动的创始人。

　　38. The activities of the international marketing researcher are frequently much broader than those of the domestic marketer.
　　38.国际市场研究者的活动范围常常较国内市场研究者广阔。

　　39. The continental divide refers to an imaginary line in the North American Rockies that divides the waters flowing into the Atlantic Ocean from those flowing into the Pacific.
　　39.大陆分水岭是指北美洛矶山脉上的一道想象线，该线把大西洋流域和太平洋流域区分开来。

　　40. Studies of the gravity field of the Earth indicate that its crust and mantle yield when unusual weight is placed on them.
　　40.对地球引力的研究表明，在不寻常的负荷之下地壳和地幔会发生位移。

　　41. The annual worth of Utah's manufacturing is greater than that of its mining and farming combined.
　　41.尤它州制造业的年产值大于其工业和农业的总和。

　　42. The wallflower is so called because its weak stems often grow on walls and along stony cliffs for support.
　　42.墙花之所以叫墙花，是因为其脆弱的枝干经常要靠墙壁或顺石崖生长，以便有所依附。

　　43. It is the interaction between people, rather than the events that occur in their lives, that is the main focus of social psychology.
　　43.社会心理学的主要焦点是人与人之间的交往，而不是他们各自生活中的事件。

　　44. No social crusade aroused Elizabeth Williams' enthusiasm more than the expansion of educational facilities for immigrants to the United States.
　　44.给美国的新移民增加教育设施比任何社会运动都更多的激发了Elizabeth Williams的热情。

　　45. Quails typically have short rounded wings that enable them to spring into full flight instantly when disturbed in their hiding places.
　　45.典型的鹌鹑都长有短而圆的翅膀，凭此他们可以在受惊时一跃而起，飞离它们的躲藏地

　　46. According to anthropologists, the earliest ancestors of humans that stood upright resembled chimpanzees facially, with sloping foreheads and protruding brows.
　　46.根据人类学家的说法，直立行走的人的鼻祖面部轮廓与黑猩猩相似，额头后倾，眉毛突出。

　　47. Not until 1866 was the fully successful transatlantic cable finally laid.
　　47.直到1866年第一条横跨大西洋的电缆才完全成功的架通。

　　48. In his writing, John Crowe Ransom describes what he considers the spiritual barrenness of society brought about by science and technology.
　　48. John Crowe Ransom在他的著作中描述了他认为是由科学技术给社会带来的精神贫困。

　　49. Children with parents whose guidance is firm, consistent, and rational are inclined to possess high levels of self-confidence.
　　49.父母的教导如果坚定，始终如一和理性，孩子就有可能充满自信。

　　50. The ancient Hopewell people of North America probably cultivated corn and other crops, but hunting and gathering were still of critical importance in their economy.
　　50.北美远古的Hopewell人很可能种植了玉米和其他农作物，但打猎和采集对他们的经济贸易仍是至关重要的。

　　

近来,我有幸看到了<大家>栏目的主持人曲向东采访诺贝尔奖获得者著名物理学大师丁肇中的场景.我收获颇多.

问及丁肇中的成功经验时,丁肇中是这样自己总结的: 专心,认真,刻苦,头脑清醒.

给我印象最深的却是他独特的个性和过人的自信.

面对着来自全世界各地的著名科学家,他是怎么领导他们的呢? 采撷众人之长,但决不被任何人所左右.

宇宙到底来自于哪里?研究宇宙到底有什么现实意义? 鲜明的研究课题始终萦绕着他们的追求路.

为什么能够募集到研究资金? 实践的成果最有说服力.

最欢迎什么样的人加入到研究队伍中来? 1,有浓厚的兴趣; 2, 头脑清醒.

面对外人的谣言,他清醒其中个就:很少接受采访吧.

平凡中的不平凡,鹤立鸡群的个性和视角给我留下了很深的印象.

近来,有感于汉景帝和一代名将周亚夫的故事,活生生地尽现居功自傲者的下场.我在思考面前桌上的这两面镜子.

一面镜子:世间有这么几种人很值得注意:1,只说不做的人; 2,只做不说的人; 3,既说又做的人. 4,会做不会说的人.     显然第三种人最厉害. 第二种人最费脑筋的. 第一种人就是空头支票者. 汉景帝属于第二种人,周亚夫属于不会说者.

另一面镜子:世间人还可以这样分类:    1,只会琢磨事的人; 2,只会琢磨人的人;   3,既会琢磨事又会琢磨人的人;   4,只琢磨钱的人;   5,会琢磨事,又会琢磨人,还会琢磨钱的人.   显然最后一种最厉害.周亚夫属于第一种人.汉景帝属于第二种人.

所以,物以类聚决不是虚言.

这决不是平凡的两面镜子,它确实能照射出好多的本质话题来啊!

在中国历史上,掌握国家政权的有四股力量: 文官,武将,外戚和宦官.

如果文官掌权,国家比较安定和清明.

如果武将掌权,藩镇割据容易形成,如唐中后期.

如果外戚或宦官掌权,国家比较黑暗.

为什么文官掌权政治就比较清明呢?因为一套正确的价值体系已经形成,而这就是评判是非的标准.

西汉初期,汉武帝为什么采用了董仲舒的罢黜百家独尊儒术的主张了呢?就因为1,加强了中央集权,君权神授的思想奠定了国家的合法性.;2,文化思想上澄清了思路,服务于统一的大局;3,太学乡学等的兴起很好的开了选拔人才之路;4,强调改革的重要性;如服装等的改革. 这一些举措适应了时代和汉武帝的要求.

儒家思想的正面作用:

1,端正了人们的是非评判标准.

2,造就了一大批的儒家思想的文人官员,很好地服务于中央集权;

3,奠定了国家安定清明的思想和政治基础,所以儒家思想在中国历史上的作用功不可没.

反面作用:

1,文化专制从此诞生,极端的教条主义从此开始了;

2,它在被运用时始终是披在法学思想的身上的外衣,所以更容易迷惑人.

3,民主的色彩成分从此换了颜色.旧道德,旧礼制就演化成了禁锢历史发展的紧箍咒.

儒家思想的功利性和实用性也是在与时俱进的.

现今人们的礼仪意识日益淡漠,功利意识日益加强.可叹儒家思想中可贵的核心部分也在日益被蚕食啊.

多极化的思想来自于多极化的世界格局.

多极化的思想造就了个性的多重含义.西化的权利先于义务的思维模式日益在影响着我国民关系化的思维模式.

寡廉鲜耻的人和现象比比皆是,并且有愈加严重之势.丑陋的中国人的人性的阴暗面被现实的残酷扩大了,被现实的日渐富裕冲昏头脑了.究其深层原因就是价值观已经发生了动摇.物质功利的磁石已经使显出了另一种极性.

女人的语言暴力和男人的拳头暴力同样可怕.寡廉鲜耻和文化专制也同样可怕.

到底面对日益世界化的当今局势,怎样的世界制度才更合理?怎样的发展才更先进?怎样的世界格局才更合理?到底怎样的世界才是和谐的安定的应该继续的世界呢?我将思索之.

Q： Can you sell yourself in two minutes？ Go for it. （你能在两分钟內自我推荐吗？大胆试试吧！）
    
A： With my qualifications and experience, I feel I am hardworking, responsible and diligent in any project I undertake. Your organization could benefit from my analytical and interpersonal skills.(依我的资格和经验，我觉得我对所从事的每一个项目都很努力、负责、勤勉。我的分析能力和与人相处的技巧，对贵单位必有价值。)

Q：Give me a summary of your current job des cription. (对你目前的工作，能否做个概括的说明。)
A：I have been working as a computer programmer for five years. To be specific, I do system analysis, trouble shooting and provide software support. (我干了五年的电脑程序员。具体地说，我做系统分析，解决问题以及软件供应方面的支持。）
    

Q：Why did you leave your last job？(你为什么离职呢？)

A： Well, I am hoping to get an offer of a better position. If opportunity knocks, I will take it.（我希望能获得一份更好的工作，如果机会来临，我会抓住。）
    

A：I feel I have reached the "glass ceiling" in my current job. / I feel there is no opportunity for advancement. （我觉得目前的工作，已经达到顶峰，即沒有升迁机会。)

Q：How do you rate yourself as a professional？(你如何评估自己是位专业人员呢 ？)

A： With my strong academic background, I am capable and competent. (凭借我 良好的学术背景，我可以胜任自己的工作，而且我认为自己很有竞争力。）
    

A：With my teaching experience, I am confident that I can relate to students very well. (依我的教学经验，我相信能与学生相处的很好。)


Q： What contribution did you make to your current (previous) organization？ (你对目前/从前的工作单位有何贡献？)
A： I have finished three new projects, and I am sure I can apply my experience to this position. (我已经完成三个新项目，我相信我能将我的经验用在 这份工作上。)

Q：What do you think you are worth to us？(你怎么认为你对我们有价值呢？)
A：I feel I can make some positive contributions to your company in the future.

(我觉得我对贵公司能做些积极性的贡献。)

Q：What make you think you would be a success in this position？ (你如何知道你能胜任这份工作？）
    

A：My graduate school training combined with my internship should qualify me for this particular job. I am sure I will be successful. (我在研究所的训练，加上实习工作，使我适合这份工作。我相信我能成功。)


Q：Are you a multi-tasked individual？(你是一位可以同时承担数项工作的人吗？) or Do you work well under stress or pressure？(你能承受工作上的压力吗?)

A：Yes, I think so.

A：The trait is needed in my current（or previous) position and I know I can handle it well. (这种特点就是我目前（先前）工作所需要的，我知道我能应付自如。)

Q：What is your strongest trait(s)？(你个性上最大的特点是什么？)

A：Helpfulness and caring.（乐于助人和关心他人。）
    

A：Adaptability and sense of humor.（适应能力和幽默感。）
    

A：Cheerfulness and friendliness.（乐观和友爱。）
    

Q： How would your friends or colleagues describe you？（你的朋友或同事怎样形容你？）
    

A： (pause a few seconds) (稍等几秒钟再答，表示慎重考虑。) They say Mr. Chen is an honest, hardworking and responsible man who deeply cares for his family and friends. (他们说 陈 先生是位诚实、工作努力，负责任的人，他对家庭和朋友都很关心。)

A：They say Mr. Chen is a friendly, sensitive, caring and determined person. (他们说 陈 先生是位很友好、敏感、关心他人和有决心的人。)

Q：What personality traits do you admire？(你欣赏哪种性格的人？)

A： (I admire a person who is）honest, flexible and easy-going. (诚实、不死板而且容易相处的人。)

A： (I like) people who possess the "can do" spirit. (有"实际行动"的人。)

Q：What leadership qualities did you develop as an administrative personnel？(作为行政人员，你有什么样的领导才能？)

A：I feel that learning how to motivate people and to work together as a team will be the major goal of my leadership. (我觉得学习如何把人们的积极性调动起来，以及如何配合协同的团队精神，是我行政工作的主要目标。)

A：I have refined my management style by using an open-door policy. (我以开放式的政策，改进我的行政管理方式。)
Q：How do you normally handle criticism？(你通常如何处理別人的批评？)

A：Silence is golden. Just don't say anything; otherwise the situation could become worse. I do, however, accept constructive criticism. (沈默是金。不必说什么，否则情况更糟，不过我会接受建设性的批评。)

A：When we cool off, we will discuss it later. (我会等大家冷靜下来再讨论。)

Q： What do you find frustrating in a work situation？(在工作中，什么事令你不高兴？)

A： Sometimes, the narrow-minded people make me frustrated. (胸襟狭窄的人，有时使我泄气。)

A：Minds that are not receptive to new ideas. (不能接受新思想的那些取。)

Q：How do you handle your conflict with your colleagues in your work? (你如何处理与同事在工作中的意见不和？)
A：I will try to present my ideas in a more clear and civilized manner in order to get my points across. (我要以更清楚文明的方式，提出我的看法，使对方了解我的观点。)

Q：How do you handle your failure？(你怎样对待自己的失敗？)
A： None of us was born "perfect". I am sure I will be given a second chance to correct my mistake. （我们大家生来都不是十全十美的，我相信我有第二个机会改正我的错误。)

新挑战英语，内容丰富

http://www.tzcool.com/Article.asp?ArtID=8451

厦门英语角
http://www.xmenglishcorner.com

红叶英语(下载听力资料)
http://www.maplesky.net/data/2005/0520/article_876.htm

免费英语资料的大仓库
http://www.jncatv.net/download/%d3%a2%d3%ef%d1%a7%cf%b0/

www.putclub.com 下资料免费的，每日都更新，很多很多资料

www.listeningexpress.com 点击下载中心，几乎都是免费的mp3,rm文件：VOA，BBC，CRI等等

http://www.americanrhetoric.com/ 美国名人演讲，rm.mp3 files...they r all free...so many of them

www.lingobingo.net register it using ur email and u 'll find a lot of materials about interpretation

http://www.fli.com.cn/listeningmp3.htm may have things u want ,check it out

http://bbs.exue.com.cn the same,register using ur email u'll find it is so amazing...

http://bbs.24en.com 中国英语学习网...using ur email ...

http://www.4english.cn 一定有你想要的

http://sonybill.55zx.net/Article/ShowArticle.asp?ArticleID=76 听便美国电台

http://www.ushuaren.com/bbs 美国华人论坛

很流行的一些英语学习网站
1) BBC English

2) http://www.eslcafe.com/ Dave ESL咖啡屋，英语学习好网址。

3) http://www.tesol.net/tesl.html Kristna Pfaff 语言和言语学习和教学

4) http://www.aitech.ac.jp/~iteslj/ESL.html 英语网站链接

5) http://www.u-net.com/eflweb/ EFLWEB 主页

6) http://www.nceltr.mq.edu.au/ 因特网上ESL

7) http://eleaston.com 丰富实用的英语学习和教学的网页.

8) http://www.study.com/resources.html 英语学习资源

9 ) http://www.teachingenglish.org.uk 英语教学

10) http://www.unex.ucla.edu/online/ 英语在线课程

11) http://www.nll.co.uk 英语在线学习

12) http://www.stuff.co.uk/wicked.htm Wicked Stuff英语语言学习

13) http://www.planetenglish.com 世界英语语言资源中心

14) http://www.study.com Comenius 免费网上学校

15) http://edvista.com/claire/internet-esl.html Claire Bradin 个人网页

16) http://www.schackne.com Steve Schackne 英语教师资源网页

17) http://www.lapasserelle.com/lm/ Michael A. Riccioli交互性和非交互

18) http://www.esl-lab.com/party/partscr1.htm Randall学生英语测试网页

19) www.eslpartyland.com PartyLand ESL

20) http://teflchina.com/ 在中国的老外讨论英语教学

21) http://www.online-english.britishcouncil.org/ 在线课程

22) http://www.internetesl.com/ 儿童英语

23) http://marksesl.com Mark EST 世界

英语图书馆
1) http://www.ipl.org/ 网上公共图书馆

2) http://the-tech.mit.edu/Shakespeare/ Shakespeare 作品

3) http://www.encarta.msn.com/encartahome.asp Encarta 百科全书

4) http://www.adventure.com/encyclopedia 知识探索百科

5) http://classics.mit.edu/ 经典名著文库

英语语法
1) http://www.edunet.com/english/grammar/ 英语语法在线

2) http://www.aitech.ac.jp/~iteslj/quizzes/grammar.html 英语语法测试

英语在线字典
1) http://dictionary.cambridge.org/ 剑桥在线字典

2) http://www.m-w.com Mreeiam-Webster 在线字典

3) http://www.linguistics.ruhr-uni-bochum.de/ccsd/ Collins-Cobuild 学生字典

语言与背景知识
1) http://www.refdesk.com/ 虚拟参考资料信息台

2) http://www.nhmccd.edu/contracts/lrc/kc/decade90.html 美国XXXXXX文化背景

3) http://www.night.net/kthanks.html 关于感恩节

4) http://www.educationuk.org.cn/ 英国教育文化

5) http://carla.acad.umn.edu/intercultural.html 文化与语言学习

英语听力 网站
1) http://www.aitech.ac.jp/~iteslj/links/search.cgi?query=Listening

2) http://www.esl-lab.com/ Randall ESL 听力室

3) ftp://149.2.140.10/realaudio/voa/english/ VOA FTP

英语考试网站
3.1 TOEFL 托福
1) http://www.stuff.co.uk/toefl.htm TOEFL 练习

2) http://osu.orst.edu/~larsonan

3) http://www.testwise.com/review.html

1) http://www.gre.org GRE 考试

3.3 IELTS 雅思
1) http://www.britishcouncil.org.cn/english/education/exams/new.htm 中国雅思考试

2) http://www.ielts.org/ 雅思

英语语法
http://www.dailygrammar.com/
adventuretv,提供视频资料，内容多是各地的风土人情，很不错。

http://www.adventuretv.com/
纽约时报，网上看新闻的好地方

http://www.nytimes.com/
英文MP3下载的好地方

http://www.mp3raid.com/archive/archive/m/2/
英文剧本下载的好地方...很全的哦.....

http://huajun.com/juben.htm
一个个人主页，从这里可以在线收听新东方的25盘磁带 http://www.intron.ac/study/toefl.html

英文锁定，每日读图
http://www.icansay.com/index.php?ChannelID=12
该站点适合初学英语者

http://www.in2english.com.cn/
英国教育部和中国教育部联合搞的免费学习网站

一个心智正常的人,是一个外化而内不化的人,即能把外在的随遇而安和内心的坚持很好地结合起来的人.

道极于虚,虚即生白.

一个过分自信的人,必然听不进别人的意见.飞扬跋扈和骄傲自满就是水满则溢的具体体现.汉武帝就是这样一个人.他本不该怀疑萧何的,可就是自信和傲慢让他模糊了双眼.当萧何把自己的全部家产都献出来充作军资时,"帝心乃大喜"淋漓尽致地刻画出了汉武帝对功臣的猜忌心态.成也萧何,败也萧何----多大的讽刺啊!所以,一个谦虚的人才有可能进步.

天下熙熙,皆为利来;天下攘攘,皆为利往.---追求物质财富本没有错,司马迁是历史上第一个肯定物质追求正当性的人.

在物欲横流的现实世界中,如何苛守自己的内心安定? 共有七重境界:

1,外身;

2,外物;

3,外生;

4,彻悟;

5,见独;

6,无古今;

7,不死不生.

懂得了山高不挡风,水深不搁船的道理,能自觉地把适应和坚持很好的结合起来的人,心灵安定才有可能.

1，可言而不言，失人；不可言而言，失言。智者不失人，也不失言。

2，君子泰而不骄，小人骄而不泰。

3，己欲立而立人，己欲达而达人。

4，仁而不忧，智而不惑，勇而不惧。

5，气定而神闲！

6，日思省乎己！

7，恕！

8，你知道天为什么要打雷，地为什么要颤抖，大海为什么要咆哮, 深夜婴儿为什么要啼哭吗？（记住勾践质问夫差的话吧！振聋发聩啊！）

9,   人生百年，谁能无憾？

      ————————接受它，设法弥补它！

     ----------------------------做一个勇敢的人，用自己的生命的力量去化解遗憾！

10，人，都有一种惯性。