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牛津英语教材第五模块第二单元词语讲解(6)
2007-10-05 18:07

limited

adj. 有限的

  • has only limited experience 只有有限的经验
  • limited company 有限公司(常用Ltd Co.表示)

搭配词:amount, area, company, number, opportunity, space, success, time, use, value, way

statement

n. 声明,陈述

  • issue a statement 发表一项声明
  • a random statement 胡乱的供词
  • the Prime Minister's recent statements on Europe
  • 动词:state。注意state的一词多义。

forcefully

adv. 强有力地

  • 形容词:forceful;名词:force
  • a manager with a forceful personality
  • With Richard I can quite see there are forceful grounds for objection.

clap

vi., vt., & n. 鼓掌,拍手

  • clapped a book on the desk. 把书摔在桌子上
  • clapped hands in time to the music. 听音乐时恰时的鼓掌
  • clapped me on the shoulder. 轻拍我的肩膀
    注意该词组与中文说法的差异:clap somebody on the …

desertification

n. 沙漠化,荒漠化

该词演化的过程:desert — [desertify] — desertification

类似词的演化过程:beauty — beautify — beautification

mode — modify —modification

special — specify — specification

请大家为英语词库用上述方法创造两个词:1. vt. 使……“青山”化 2. n. 青山”化

演化过程很简单:Qingshan — Qingshanify — Qingshanification

估计明年朗文英语词典要把上述三词收进去了。

nation

n. 国家,民族

  • the law of nations 国际公法
  • a most favoured nation 最惠国
  • the United Nations 联合国
  • the Chinese nation 中华民族
  • the President's radio broadcast to the nation
  • an independent nation
  • the world's leading industrial nations

*combat

vt., vi. & n. 战斗,抗击

  • combat boots 战靴
  • combat troops 卫戍部队
  • combat diseases 与疾病作斗争
  • combat with one's opponents 与对手斗争
  • single combat 一对一的打斗
  • a combat hero 战斗英雄

convention

n. 公约,协定;习俗,惯例

  • By convention, north is at the top of most maps. 依照惯例,北方位于大多数地图的顶端
  • the convention of shaking hands. 握手的习俗

establish

vt. 建立,创立,设立

  • a discovery that established his reputation/ fame. 这个发现建立了他的声望 (划线部分是重要词语)
  • The new evidence establishes the suspect's guilt. 新证据证实了嫌疑犯有罪。
  • He established his son in business. 他安排儿子经商。

fence

n. 栅栏,篱笆

  • The cattle are well fenced out. 牛群被妥善地用栅栏隔开了。
  • fence-sitter 骑墙派
  • be on both sides of the fence 两面讨好
  • be on sb's fence 帮助[维护]某人
  • sit/stand/be on the fence 观望形势, 抱骑墙态度; 踌躇; 犹豫未决
  • No fence against an ill fortune. []恶运难逃。

记忆法:用围栏分测(即分别测试)。分测的汉语拼音即fence

dirt

n. 尘土;污物

  • wash the dirt off his face 洗掉他脸上的污垢
  • (as) cheap as dirt 极其便宜的, 便宜透顶的
  • (as) common as dirt 极普通的
  • do sb. dirt/do dirt to sb [美俚]恶意中伤某人; 用卑劣手段(恶言恶语)陷害某人
  • eat dirt 忍辱含垢; 低声下气
  • treat sb. like dirt 把某人看得一文不值

dirt形容词:dirty

bush

n. 灌木,矮树

  • the Australian bush. 澳大利亚的未开垦荒野
  • beat around/about the bush 拐弯抹角
    这是一个很重要的成语,一定要记住。例句:
    Don't beat around the bush. Ask for your account to be paid, and paid quickly.
    I am not a person to beat about the bush.
  • 现任美国总统就是“矮树”总统,就是“權木”总统,就是“未开垦荒野”总统。

decrease

vt. & vi. 减少 n. 减少

  • Traffic decreases on holidays. 节假日行人车辆减少了。
  • Lack of success decreases confidence. 失败使信心渐减。
  • decrease in number 数目减少
  • His interest in this subject gradually decreases.
  • 他对这个科目的兴趣逐渐在减退。
  • This shows a slight decrease on the numbers of the previous month.
  • 这表明比前一个月的数目略有减少。
  • on the decrease 在减少中, 在下降中
  • decrease to 减少到
  • decrease in size by... (尺寸)减少...

in the form of

以……的形式

  • in the form of a letter/an email 以书信/电子邮件的方式
  • People are bombarded with information in the form of TV advertising.
  • Much of what follows is set therefore in the form of questions which need to be considered by all of us.

stock

vt. 装备,储备

be stocked with

装备有……,储备有……

  • a well-stocked library 藏书丰富的图书馆
  • His head is well stocked with ideas. 他的头脑里主意很多。
  • stock up for the winter 贮存起来以备冬季使用
  • Our refrigerator at college was always stocked with beer.
  • His head is well stocked with ideas. 他的头脑里主意很多。

technical

adj. 技术的

  • a technical adviser. 技术专家顾问
  • a technical school 技术学校
  • technical institute 工学院
  • technical know-how 技术知识; 技术诀窍

词语扩展:

  • technician 技术员、技师
  • technology 技术、工艺
  • IT = information technology 信息技术

equipment

n. 设备,器材;装备

  • laboratory equipment 实验室设备
  • a very useful piece of equipment camera equipment

用法要点:

  • equipment一般只用作不可数名词。
  • 表达一件设备,用:
    a piece of equipment
    an article of equipment

注:equipment这类不可数名词属于总称名词。再举几个例词,请熟记:
furniture(
家俱)
fruit(
水果,表达不同种类的水果时可用fruits)
jewellery(
珠宝)
clothing(
衣服)
poetry(
诗歌)

technician

n. 技术人员,技师

  • I have a workshop with a supervisor and three technicians and my own secretary.

anti-desertification

n. 抗沙漠化

anti表示反、抗之意:

  • pros and antis 赞成派和反对派
  • anti-ageing 皮肤防皱的,防止皮肤发皱的
  • anti-aircraft 防空用的
  • anti-American/anti-Japanese 反美/日的
  • anti-tank 反坦克的

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