Caps and Gowns at Graduation

在中世纪的欧洲，学者所戴的帽子和所穿的衣服都是黑色的。

黑色在那时受到神职人员的青睐，是权威的象征。这一简朴的颜色

被保留至今，并被用于现代高中毕业生和大学毕业生在毕业典礼的

着装。毕业生将帽子的流苏从一边移到另一边，表示他们有了提

高。这种帽子是由中世纪的法冠发展而来。法冠是一种方形的帽

子，供大学在校生和中小学学生专用。

In medieval Europe the caps and gowns worn by the accademic community were in black. The color black, the preference of ecclesiastical leaders,was a symbol of authority. This austerity has been retained by modern high schools and universities in the caps and growns worn at graduation ceremonies. The tassel that graduates transfer from one side of the cap to the other as a sign of their elevation is an outgrowth of the medieval biretta, a tufted square cap appropriated by undergraduates and schoolboys.

medieval：中古的，中世纪的（约公元1100——1400年）

ecclesiastical：传教士的，牧师的

austerity：简朴；紧缩

E.G:

the austerity of the Government's economic measures  

政府经济方面的紧缩

tassel:(垫子,台布,帽子得垂下的)穗，流苏

elevation：提高

E.G: elevation to the peerage

      升为贵族

biretta：法冠（通常为黑色的四角帽）