难点17 独立主格结构

   
    英语与汉语在表达习惯上有些不同，独立主格结构便是其中之一。独立主格结构是学习的难点。独立主格结构用作状语，多用来表示行为方式或伴随的情况，也可用来表示时间、原因、条件等。
    ●难点磁场
    1.(★★★★) ,they will go and visit the zoo.
    A.Weather permitting B.Weather permitted
    C.Weather being permitted D.Weather having permitted
    2.(★★★★)The problem ,they all went home happily.
    A.settling B.to be settled
    C.settled D.to settle
    3.(★★★★)A lot of work ,he had no time to talk with us.
    A.done B.to do
    C.doing D.to be doing
    ●案例探究
    1.Everyone________ their seats,the meeting began.
    A.taken B.taking
    C.having taken D.to take
    命题意图：此题考查独立主格结构作时间状语。此题属五星级题目。
    知识依托：名词或代词+现在分词作状语，名词或代词就是分词的逻辑主语。
    错解分析：A项taken为过去分词，它与逻辑主语之间逻辑上是被动关系，而此题中everyone与take their seats 应为主动关系。B项强调动作与句子谓语表示的动作同时发生，而此题中应是先就座，后开会，有明显的先后顺序。
    解题方法与技巧：①everyone与take their seats是主动关系。
    ②分词与句子谓语有明显先后顺序。分词应用过完成式。
    答案：C
    2.He stood there,his hands________ behind.
    A.tying B.tied
    C.were tying D.were tied
    命题意图：此题旨在考查独立主格作方式状语。此题属四星级题目。
    知识依托：“名词或代词+过去分词”作为独立主格结构作状语。名词/代词与过去分词构成逻辑上的被动关系。
    错解分析：D项干扰性最强，但是若选D项，题干为两个独立的简单句，缺少连词，可把句子改为He stood there and his hands were tied behind.
    解题方法与技巧：弄清楚名词与分词之间的逻辑关系。
    答案：B
    3.________,Mother had to stay at home and looked after him.
    A.Being ill B.He was ill
    C.Tom being ill D.To be ill
    命题意图：此题考查独立主格结构作原因状语。此题属五星级题。
    知识依托：名词或代词加现在分词构成的独立主格结构。
    错解分析：干扰性最强的选项为A项，A项为现在分词短语作状语，其逻辑主语应是句子的主语Mother,那和“Mother had to…looked after him”意思不一致了。
    解题方法与技巧：掌握分词作状语与独立主格结构作状语的区别。
    答案：C
    ●锦囊妙计
    1.独立主格结构是由一名词或代词（作逻辑主语）加现在分词、过去分词、不定式、形容词、副词或介词短语构成，用作状语。
    2.名词与现在分词是逻辑上的主动关系，与过去分词是逻辑上的被动关系。
    3.掌握分词或分词短语作状语与独立主格结构作状语的区别。
    ●歼灭难点训练
    1.(★★★★★)________,there is no school.
    A.It is Sunday B.It was Sunday
    C.It will be Sunday D.It being Sunday
    2.(★★★★)________,all the students ran out of the classroom.
    A.Class was over B.Class is over
    C.Class over D.When class over
    3.(★★★★)________,everything has changed.
    A.Time goes on B.Time going on
    C.As time going on D.With time went on
    4.(★★★★)He was lying on the grass,his hands________ under his head.
    A.crossing B.crossed
    C.was crossing D.were crossed
    5.(★★★★★)The storm________ their house,they had to live in a cave.
    A.destroyed B.destroying
    C.having destroyed D.being destroyed
    6.(★★★★)He entered the room,________.
    A.his nose was red with cold B.and his nose red with cold
    C.his nose red with cold D.his nose been red with cold
    7.(★★★★)Here are the first two volumes,the third one________ next month.
    A.to come out B.coming out
    C.will come out D.having come out
    8.(★★★★)All things________,I think we ought to give the job to Mike.
    A.considering B.considered
    C.having considered D.are considered