Plastic Surgery 整形手术
The easy way to a beautiful body?
轻易拥有曼妙身材？
November 14
PRO
No, we're not talking about the material water bottles are made of. The "plastic" in plastic surgery comes from the Greek word plastikos, which means to mold or shape. And that's exactly what plastic surgeons do? They reshape skin, cartilage, bone and muscle.
A new lease on life
Plastic surgery offers people a second chance to lead a normal life. We can immediately think of its life-changing power for children born with birth defects like a cleft palate. Burn victims and people who have suffered through accidents, lost limbs, and battled deforming diseases also benefit. But don't overlook the impact elective surgery can have on the lives of common, everyday people. Many pursue plastic surgery as a means to bolster self-image, increase self-confidence and battle depression. And you know what? It works.
Why not?
Why begrudge another person the opportunity to look the best he or she can? We apply makeup, get haircuts, bleach our teeth and work out all for the sake of looking great. Why should we view plastic surgery any differently? Similarly, if going under the knife can help jumpstart or extend a person's career (in modeling, TV, or other visual media), why not?
赞成
不是，我们不是讲那种制造塑胶水瓶的材料，整形手术一词里的plastic一字源自希腊文的plastikos，意思是塑造或使成形。整形外科医生就是做这类工作：重塑皮肤、软骨、骨头和肌肉。
重获新生
整形手术可为人带来重获新生的机会。立即让人联想到的，就是有先天性颚裂或其他先天缺陷孩子的人生可以因这样的手术而不再一样。遭遇烧伤或意外事故、丧失肢体或罹患致畸疾病的人士也能受益。不过，可别忽视非必要性手术对普通老百姓所能带来的影响。许多人利用整形手术提升自我形象、增加自信、对抗忧郁，而且你知道吗？这麽做真的有用呢。
有何不可？何必吝於给别人一个机会呈现最完美的模样？我们化妆、理发、漂白牙齿、运动健身，目的都是要让自己容光焕发，我们何必用另一种眼光看待整形手术？相同地，如果接受手术能帮助一个人开展或延续事业生涯（在模特儿、电视或其他视觉媒体行业），又有何不可呢？
cartilage (n) 软骨
new lease on life (idiom) 人生焕然一新；重获新生
After winning his battle with cancer, Martin felt as if he had a new lease on life.
cleft palate (n) 颚裂
bolster (v) 增强；支撑
In order to bolster her public image, the young film star hired a publicist.
begrudge (v) 吝惜（而不愿给予）；嫉妒
Janet begrudged Beth's popularity; she felt Beth was well-liked only because she was pretty.
for the sake of (idiom) 为了
The coach asked the players to put their differences behind them for the sake of team unity.
Teaching Topic: What does means mean? 教學主題： Means 的意思及片語
means：复数的名词，不是mean的复数，=a way，就是一个方法,手段，前面也往往会加上不定冠词，a means，如the city government is looking for a means of solving the traffic problem.市政府在寻找一个解决交通问题的方法。
by all means：当然，当然可以，没问题，用来回答人家的问题
by no means：绝对不是，如He is by no means poor.他绝对不穷。
the end justifies the means：为了达到目的就不择手段
---Welcome to the chatroom,I'm Ken.
---And I'm Vickie.We learned in today's lesson the different reasons why many people pursue plastic surgery.Some do it as a means to bolster selfimage.
---Wait a second,Vickie.Did you say a means?That sounds a little strange.Shouldn't it be a mean,no 's'?
---No,Ken.You heard me right.Some people go for plastic surgery as a means to bolster selfimage.A means is just another way of saying a way.A means is how an resolve is obtained.
---So means is not the plural of mean?
---No,even though the word means is techniquely plural,its not the plural of mean.And we often put an article in front of it.For ecample,the city government is looking for a means of solving the traffic problem.
---means是个复数的名词，但它并不是mean的复数，means其实就是a way 的意思，就是一个方法,手段，前面也往往会加上不定冠词，a means比如说the city government is looking for a means of solving the traffic problem.市政府在寻找一个解决交通问题的方法。Do you want me to talk more about means,Vickie?
---by all means,Ken.
---by all means?
---Yes,by all means is a useful idiom that means yes,definitely or certainly and the oppsite of that is by no means which means definitely not or certainly not.For example,Steve is by no means a bad musician.
---来学两个用means 的片语，by all means就是当然，这个片语是用来回答人家的问题，如果有人要征询你的同意，问你可不可以做某件事，回答by all means 就表示当然可以，没问题，by no means表示绝对不是，比如说He is by no means poor.他绝对不穷。
---Ken,here is another useful idiom.the end justifies the means ,this idiom means a good outcome excuses any wrong commit it to obtain it.For example,the police officer trapped her into admitting her guilt,the end sometimes justifies the means.
---这是一句谚语，the end justifies the means，end是目的，means是手段，justify 是使它合理化，有些人为了达到目的就不择手段，即使手段不正确也无所谓，这就是the end justifies the means.
---And we are nearing the end of today's Chat Room. Time now to visit Michelle for today's Language Tips.
new lease on life (idiom) 人生焕然一新；重获新生
After recoverage from her broken marriage Catherine had a new lease on life.
Catherine从破碎的婚姻中走出来后她开始了新的人生。
Gabie's heart transplant gave her a new lease on life.
心脏移植手术让Gabie重获新生。
bolster (v) 增强；支撑
The talk before the game by the coach really bolstered the team's morale.
教练在比赛前的一席话真的鼓舞了他们的士气。
The company meeds more funds to bolster their business.
公司需要更多的资金来支撑他们的生意。
begrudge (v) 吝惜（而不愿给予）；嫉妒
She begrudges every minute taken away from her family.
她舍不得与家人相处的任何时间被剥夺。
We shouldn't begrudge other people's good fortune.
我们不应该对被人的好运心生不平。
November 15
CON
An unhealthy obsession
The explosion of plastic surgery procedures confirms that we have become a society of superficial people. That we spend large sums of money to shorten noses, augment breasts and get face-lifts betrays our fixation with outward appearances. Maybe it's an obsession with youth; perhaps it's a desire to live forever, but certainly it speaks of finding our self-worth in how we look. Reports reveal people who have both legs broken and reset to make themselves just a centimeter or two taller. Glamour magazine reported a 25-year-old woman seeking to get her navel removed? There's one word for all of this: ridiculous!
Diet not working?
With liposuction, we can remove unwanted fat. It's fast and convenient, but it's also sending a blemished message that we can do away with the disciplines of a healthy lifestyle and still look and feel great.
Warning!
In a rush to look more attractive, many forget that plastic surgery is still surgery, and so it has its risks. Certified surgeon or not, complications in the operating room can lead to nerve damage, chronic pain or worse ─ coma and even death? And while those are legitimate risks, another consideration is that the surgery may not produce the desired effects, resulting in even more surgery to fix them!
Now, what's your viewpoint?
反对
一种病态的偏执
整形手术的狂热风潮证明我们已经变成一个肤浅的社会。我们花大笔金钱让鼻子短一点、胸部大一点、做拉皮手术，在在透露我们过度沉迷於外貌好坏。也许是迷恋青春，也可能是渴望长生不老，但都实在地表露我们以外貌界定自我的价值。报导揭露有人动手术把两条腿切断後再接回去，只为了让自己高个一、两公分。《魅力》杂志报导有一名廿五岁的女子想要切除肚脐！这一切只有一个字眼足以形容：荒唐！
节食无效？
们能用抽脂手术除去多余的脂肪。我这种方法虽然又快又方便，却也传达出一种不良的观点，就是我们可以舍弃健康生活方式的种种纪律，却依旧外貌出众、神采飞扬。
小心为上！
许多人急着让外表更亮眼，却忘了整形手术仍旧是一种「手术」，还是有其风险。不论外科医生合不合格，开刀房内出现的并发症可能会导致神经受损、长期疼痛，甚至昏迷乃至死亡等更严重的後果！虽然这些风险都算合理，但你还得考量一点，那就是手术也可能无法带来你想要的效果，以致你必须接受更多的手术整理门面！
那麽你的看法呢？
obsession (n) 迷恋；偏执的念头
I'm worried about Daniel's growing obsession with football. That's all he ever talks about!
augment (v) 使增大；提高
With so many bills, David felt the need to augment his income by taking on a second job.
navel (n) 肚脐
Kathy was upset because her mother wouldn't allow her to pierce her navel.
liposuction (n) 抽脂手术
complication (n) 并发症；後续麻烦事
The car mechanic ran into a complication when he discovered he didn't have the right parts.
Teaching Topic: Surgery vs. Operation 教學主題： Surgery 和 Operation 的差別
外科手术开刀可以用surgery，也可以用operation
operation：可数名词，定义比较广的字，手术，机器的运转，一个军事行动
surgery：不可数名词operation是
surgeon：外科医生
the Surgeon General：美国公共卫生局局长，早在60年代，the Surgeon General就发布新闻说吸烟有害健康，在香烟的盒子上也贴上了吸烟有害健康的警语
---Hi everyone welcome to the chartroom. I’m Vicky, and this is Ken. And today we continue looking at plastic surgery.
---Vicky we know that another word for surgery is operation. And we see the term operating room in our lesson today. Can we call plastic surgery plastic operation?
---Actually no Ken. While operation is surgery have a similar meaning you can not say plastic operation.
---Why not? How are surgery and operation different?
---Actually operation has a much boarder meaning than surgery. It can refer to the way in which a machine functions. Operation can also refer to a military action. Only when we use in a medical context does it refer to a surgical procedure. But the biggest difference between operation and surgery is that operation is a countable noun. And surgery is an uncountable noun.
---So I can say someone had two operations but not two surgeries?
---That’s right. If you want to use surgery, you have to say someone has surgery twice.
---Got it.外科手术开刀可以用surgery，也可以用operation。差别在于operation是一个定义比较广的字。除了指手术，它可以表示机器的运转或者一个军事行动。但是两个字最大的差别是surgery是个不可数名词operation是可数名词。也就是说surgery的前面不能够加冠词，不要讲he had a surgery应该是he had surgery。但是用operation就要说he had an operation。So the person who performs surgery is a physician?
---That’s right. We call such a physician a surgeon.
---A surgeon? So who is the surgeon general? Is that an army general?
---No ken. The surgeon general is not a general in the military but is a person nominated by the US president. He is the leading spots person on matters of public health in the US government. Back in 1960s the surgeon general issued the first negative reports on cigarette smoking and the surgeon general’s warning was placed on cigarette packs telling people the dangerous of smoking.
---外科手术是surgery而外科医生叫做surgeon。美国联邦政府有一个官员叫做the Surgeon General，但他并不是一个外科医生，也不是一个将军，他是美国公共卫生局局长。早在60年代，the Surgeon General就发布新闻说吸烟有害健康，在香烟的盒子上也贴上了吸烟有害健康的警语。
---And right now it’s time for studio classroom to take a break. We will be right back.
obsession (n) 迷恋；偏执的念头
对某个对象着迷用with
His obsession with money made him a workaholic.
他对金钱的偏执让他变成一个工作狂。
Bobby has an unhealthy obsession with fame.
Bobby对于出名有一种很不健康的偏执。
augment (v) 使增大；提高
作动词时重音在第二音节
Johnathan augmented his income by getting a second job.
Johnathan兼第二份工作来增加他的收入。
Tom continued boasting augmented Mary's dislike of him.
Tom持续的自吹自擂加深Mary对他的厌恶。
complication (n) 并发症；後续麻烦事
Pneumonia is a common complication in cases of the flu.
流感常常会引起肺炎的并发症。
If there are no complications the patient can go home a week after the surgery.
如果没有任何的并发症病人手术后一周就可以回家了。
