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按照客观规律和科学规律办事 act in compliance with objective and scientific laws 八个坚持、八个反对 eight do’s and eight don’ts 八项主张 eight-point proposal 保持昂扬向上的精神状态 be filled with an enterprising spirit 保证中央的政令畅通 ensure the Central Committee’s decisions are carried out without fail 标本兼治 address both the symptoms and root causes 不确定因素 uncertainties 参政议政 participation in and deliberation of state affairs 长期共存、互相监督、肝胆相照、荣辱与共 long-term coexistence, mutual supervision, treating each other with all sincerity and sharing weal and woe 长治久安 maintain prolonged stability 崇尚科学 respect and promote science 传播先进文化 spread advanced culture 传统安全威胁 traditional threats to security 从严治军 the army must be strict with itself 党的领导方式 the Party’s style of leadership 党的民族政策 the Party’s policy toward ethnic minorities 党的侨务政策 the Party’s policy toward overseas Chinese affairs 党的宗教信仰自由政策 the Party’s policy toward the freedom of religious belief 党风廉政建设责任制 responsibility system for improving the Party’s work style and building clean government党内情况通报制度、情况反映制度和重大决策征求意见制度 inner-Party information sharing and reporting systems and the system of soliciting opinions concerning major policy decisions 党要管党、从严治党 the Party exercises self-discipline and is strict with its members 党员管理工作 management of Party membership 党政机关 Party and government organs 党政领导干部职务任期制、辞职制和用人失察失误责任追究制 the system of fixed tenures, the system of resignation and the system of accountability for neglect of supervisory duty or the use of the wrong person with regard to leading cadres of the Party and government 党总揽全局、协调各方的原则 principle that the Party commands the overall situation and coordinates the efforts of all quarters 电子政务 e-government 独立负责、步调一致地开展工作 assume one’s responsibilities independently and make concerted efforts in one’s work 独立公正地行使审判权和检察权 exercise adjudicative and procuratorial powers independently and impartially 多重多头执法 duplicate law enforcement 发展民主团结、生动活泼、安定和谐的政治局面 develop the political situation characterized by democracy, solidarity, liveliness, stability and harmony 发展平等团结互助的社会主义民族关系 enhance socialist ethnic relations of equality, solidarity and mutual assistance 法定职能 legal functions 法律援助 legal aid 法制观念 awareness of law
反腐败领导体制 leadership system against corruption
防卫作战能力 defense capabilities 非传统安全威胁 non-traditional threats to security 丰富民主形式 develop diverse forms of democracy 干部人事制度 cadre and personnel system 干部双重管理体制 system of dual control over cadres 高知识群体 prominent intellectuals 公共事务 public affairs 公务员制度 system of public servants 公益事业 programs for public good 公正合理的国际政治经济新秩序 a new international political and economic order that is fair and rational 公正司法 judicial justice 共产党执政 共同利益的汇合点 converging points of common interests 管理有序、文明祥和的新型社区 new-type and well-managed communities featuring civility and harmony 广纳群贤 gather large numbers of talented people 国防动员体制 mobilization system for national defense 国防科技工业体制改革 restructuring of defense-related science, technology and industry 国际关系民主化 promote democracy in international relations 国家要统一，民族要复兴 China will be reunified, and the Chinese nation will be rejuvenated 国家意志 will of the state 合理配置教育资源 allocate education resources rationally 弘扬科学精神 promote the scientific spirit 弘扬主旋律 highlight the themes of the times 互联网站 Internet website 基本行为准则 basic code of conduct 基层自治组织 grassroots self-governing organizations 基础性工作 groundwork 积极防御的军事战略方针 military strategic principle of active defense 加大治本的力度 devote greater efforts to tackling root causes 加强法制宣传教育 give more publicity to the legal system 加强立法工作 strengthen legislation 加强文化法制建设 build up a legal system concerning culture 加强制度建设 concentrate on institutional improvement 驾驭市场经济的能力 abilities of keeping the market economy well in hand 坚持打防结合、预防为主 combine punishment and prevention, with emphasis on the latter 坚持有法可依、有法必依、执法必严、违法必纠 see to it that there are laws to go by, the laws are observed and strictly enforced, and law-breakers are prosecuted 坚持正确导向 give correct guidance to the public 坚决维护中央权威 safeguard the authority of the Central Committee 教育创新 innovation in education 教育改革 reform of education 结构合理、配置科学、程序严密、制约有效的权力运行机制 mechanism for the exercise of power featuring reasonable structure, scientific distribution, rigorous procedures and effective restraint 进行和平统一谈判 hold negotiations on peaceful reunification 进行理论思维和战略思维 think on a theoretical plane and in a strategic perspective 精简、统一、效能的原则 principle of simplification, uniformity and efficiency 决策的论证制和责任制 verification system and responsibility system in making policy decisions 决策机关 decision-making organs 军事法规体系 system of military rules and regulations 军政军民团结 solidarity between the army and the government and between the army and the people 开展对话 conduct dialogue 科技练兵 science- and technology-related military training
科技强军 build a strong army through science and technology
跨越式发展 leapfrog development 扩大公民有序的政治参与 expand citizens’ participation in political affairs in an orderly way 老少边穷地区 old revolutionary base areas, areas inhabited by ethnic minorities, remote areas, and impoverished areas 立党为公、执政为民 the Party is built for the public and it exercises state power for the people 领导干部述职述廉制度 system under which leading cadres report on their work and their efforts to perform their duties honestly 面向现代化、面向世界、面向未来的，民族的科学的大众的社会主义文化 national, scientific and popular socialist culture geared to the needs of modernization, of the world and of the future 民主管理制度 democratic management system 民主集中制是民主基础上的集中和集中指导下的民主相结合的制度 democratic centralism is a system that integrates centralism on the basis of democracy with democracy under centralized guidance 民主监督 democratic supervision 民族精神 national spirit 切身利益 immediate interests 勤俭建军 build the army through diligence and thrift 求真务实、开拓进取的精神 truth-seeking and pioneering spirit 趋利避害 draw on the advantages and avoid disadvantages 全民健身运动 nationwidefitness campaign 权责明确、相互配合、相互制约、高效运行的司法体制 judicial system featuring clearly specified powers and responsibilities, mutual coordination and restraint and highly efficient operation 群众性精神文明创建活动 popular participation in building spiritual civilization 人才合理流动 rational flow of trained people 人财物管理体制 management system of human, financial and material resources 人事分类管理制度 system of classified management of cadres and personnel “三个代表”重要思想 the important thought of Three Represents 三军一体、军民兼容、平战结合的联勤保障体制 integrated logistic support system for the three armed services, for both military and civilian purposes and for both peacetime and wartime 社会公示制度 a system of keeping the public informed 社会力量办学 nongovernmental sectors run schools 社会听证制度 a system of public hearings 社会治安综合治理 take comprehensive measures to maintain law and order 社会中介组织 intermediaries 社会主义民主政治 socialist democracy 社情民意反映制度 a system of reporting social conditions and public opinion 深入了解民情、充分反映民意、广泛集中民智、切实珍惜民力 go deep among the people and get to know how they are faring, reflect their will, pool their wisdom and value their resources 师德 (teachers’) professional ethics 实现公平和正义 guarantee fairness and justice 实现机构和编制的法定化 delimit the structures and sizes statutorily 实现社会主义民主政治的制度化、规范化和程序化 ensure that socialist democracy is institutionalized and standardized and has its procedures 实行民主监督 exercise democratic supervision 世界是丰富多彩的 Ours is a colorful world 事业单位管理体制 management system of institutions
弱势群体 disadvantaged groups
(对弱势群体给予特殊的就业援助。Special employment assistance should be given to members of disadvantaged groups.) 西电东送 transmission of electricity from the western to the eastern region 加快经济结构调整 to accelerate economic restructuring 购买力 purchasing power 城镇社会保障体系 urban social security system 下岗职工基本生活费subsistence allowances for laid-off workers 离退休人员基本养老金 basic pensions for retirees 特困行业和企业industries and enterprises in dire straits 试点项目 pilot project 抵抗全球经济衰退 to combat the global economic slump 1．医疗改革 health care reform 2．农村剩余劳动力 surplus rural labor force 3．年度国家预算annual state budge 4．扩大内需，刺激消费 to expand domestic demand and stimulate consumption 5．生计问题 bread-and-butter issue 6．乡镇企业 township enterprises 7．生态建筑 ecological construction 8．国有企业 state-owned enterprises (SOE) 9．人均国内生产总值 per-capita gross domestic product (GDP) 10．国民生产总值 gross national product (GNP) 1．经济房 low-cost housing
2．不良贷款 non-performing loans 3．起草社会治安法 to draft a social security law 4．制定反贪法规 anti-corruption legislation 5．资源丰富的内陆地区 （指中国西部）the resource-rich hinterland 6．长江流域的生态掩体 an ecological shelter along the Yangtze River Valley 7．海峡两岸关系 cross-Strait relations 8．基层监督 grass-roots supervision 9．西部大开发战略 develop-the-west strategy 10．不进则退no progress simply means regression 1．使大多数亏损企业扭亏为盈 to bring the majority of money-losing firms into the black 2．亏损企业 loss-generating enterprises 3．国有企业重组 to regroup SOEs 4．成长型企业市场 （指二板市场）growing enterprise market (GEM) 5．下岗工人基本生活津贴 the basic living allowance for laid-off workers 6．隐形就业 hidden employment 7．网络公司 a web-based economy 8．国家发展计划委员会 the State Development Planning Commission 9．费改税改革 tax-for-fees reform 10．国库券 treasury bonds 11．扩大住房贷款，助学贷款和大件消费品贷款 to expand housing loans, student loans and major commodity loans 12．债转股 debt-to-equity swap 13．剪彩仪式 ribbon-cutting ceremonies 1 社会化服务体系 commercialized/outsourced services 2 经营性社会事业项目 public services; profit-making public services 3 政府投资项目代建制 to serve as an agent for government-invested projects 4 盘活基础设施存量资产 activate the existing infrastructure assets activate the existing assets in stock
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