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以太网交换机 v 交换机是用来连接局域网的主要设备 ▪ 交换机能够根据以太网帧中目标地址智能的转发数据，因此交换机工作在数据链路层 ▪ 交换机分割冲突域，实现全双工通信
交换机的配置模式 v 用户模式：Switch> v 特权模式：Switch>enable Switch# v 全局配置模式：Switch#config terminal Switch(config)# v 接口配置模式：Switch(config)#interface fa0/1 Switch(config-if)# v Line模式：Switch(config)#line console 0 Switch(config-line)#
配置主机名 v Switch>en v Switch#conf t v Switch(config)# hostname Benet-sw1 v Benet-sw1(config)#
查看交换机的配置 v Benet-sw1(config)# show running-config version 12.1 no service pad service timestamps debug uptime service timestamps log uptime no service password-encryption ! hostname Benet-sw1
配置enable明文口令 v Benet-sw1(config)#enable password cisco v Benet-sw1(config)#exit v Benet-sw1#show running-config version 12.1 no service pad service timestamps debug uptime service timestamps log uptime no service password-encryption ! hostname Benet-sw1 ! enable password cisco ! ip subnet-zero !
检验enable口令的作用 v Benet-sw1# exit Press RETURN to get started. v Benet-sw1>enable Password:cisco v Benet-sw1#
配置enable加密口令 v Benet-sw1(config)# enable secret ciscolab v Benet-sw1#show running-config version 12.1 no service pad service timestamps debug uptime service timestamps log uptime no service password-encryption ! hostname Benet-sw1 ! enable secret 5 $1$e1k3$tmDh/6EG enable password cisco !
检验enable加密口令的作用 v Benet-sw1# exit Press RETURN to get started. v Benet-sw1>enable Password:ciscolab v Benet-sw1#
配置Console口令 v Benet-sw1(config)#line console 0 v Benet-sw1(config-line)#password 123 v Benet-sw1(config-line)#login v Benet-sw1#show run interface Vlan1 no ip address no ip route-cache shutdown ! ip http server ! line con 0 password 123 login
登录口令的输入 Switch con0 is now available Press RETURN to get started. User Access Verification Password:123 Switch>en Password:ciscolab Switch#
配置管理用IP地址与网关 v Benet-sw1(config)# interface vlan 1 v Benet-sw1(config-if)# ip address 192.168.1.1 255.255.255.0 v Benet-sw1(config-if)# no shutdown v Benet-sw1# show running-config ! interface FastEthernet0/24 no ip address ! interface Vlan1 ip address 192.168.1.1 255.255.255.0 no ip route-cache ! ip http server
Benet-sw1(config)#ip default-gateway 192.168.1.100
查看MAC地址表 v Benet-sw1#show mac-address-table Mac Address Table -------------------------------------------
Vlan Mac Address Type Ports ---- ----------- -------- ----- All 000d.28be.b640 STATIC CPU All 0100.0ccc.cccc STATIC CPU All 0100.0ccc.cccd STATIC CPU All 0100.0cdd.dddd STATIC CPU 1 0013.8044.ff40 DYNAMIC Fa0/2 1 0013.8044.ff41 DYNAMIC Fa0/8 Total Mac Addresses for this criterion: 6
使用CDP协议 v Benet-sw1#show cdp ? entry Information for specific neighbor entry interface CDP interface status and configuration neighbors CDP neighbor entries traffic CDP statistics | Output modifiers <cr> v Benet-sw1#show cdp neighbor Capability Codes: R - Router, T - S - Switch, H - Host, I - IGMP, r - Repeater, P - Phone
Device ID Local Intrfce Holdtme Capability Platform Port ID R1 Fas 0/19 139 R 2621XM Fas 0/0 v Benet-sw1#show cdp neighbors detail ------------------------- Device ID: R1 Entry address(es): IP address: 192.168.1.1 Platform: cisco 2621XM, Capabilities: Router Interface: FastEthernet0/19, Port ID (outgoing port): FastEthernet0/0 Holdtime : 143 sec Version : Cisco Internetwork Operating System Software IOS (tm) C2600 Software (C2600-IS-M), Version 12.2(21), RELEASE SOFTWARE (fc3) Copyright (c) 1986-2003 by cisco Systems, Inc. Compiled Tue 02-Dec-03 16:06 by kellmill advertisement version: 2 Duplex: full 保存交换机的配置 v Benet-sw1# copy running-config startup-config 或 v Benet-sw1# write Building configuration... [OK]
恢复设备出厂默认值 v Benet-sw1# erase startup-config Erasing the nvram filesystem will remove all configuration files! Continue? [confirm] [OK] Erase of nvram: complete
v Benet-sw1#reload Proceed with reload? [confirm]
VLAN概述 v 什么是VLAN § Virtual LAN（虚拟局域网）是物理设备上连接的不受物理位置限制的用户的一个逻辑组。 v 为什么引入VLAN § 交换机分割了冲突域，但是不能分割广播域 § 随着交换机端口数量的增多，网络中广播增多，降低了网络的效率 § 为了分割广播域，引入了VLAN v VLAN的作用 § 广播控制 § 安全性 § 带宽利用 § 延迟 v VLAN的种类 § 基于端口划分的静态VLAN § 基于MAC地址划分的动态VLAN Cisco交换机上静态VLAN的配置 v 配置VLAN的步骤 § 创建VLAN § 将端口加入到相应的VLAN中 § 验证 v 创建VLAN有以下2种方法 § 在全局配置模式下创建VLAN § 进入VLAN数据库中创建VLAN |
