This is the text of the Commencement address by Steve Jobs, CEO of Apple Computer and of Pixar Animation Studios, delivered on June 12, 2005.

[   去优酷看乔布斯的演讲视频 http://v.youku.com/v_show/id_XMTA1MzQ1OTky.html  ]

　　I am honored to be with you today at your commencement from one of the finest universities in the world. I never graduated from college. Truth be told, this is the closest I've ever gotten to a college graduation. Today I want to tell you three stories from my life. That's it. No big deal. Just three stories.

　　很荣幸和大家一道参加这所世界上最好的一座大学的毕业典礼。我大学没毕业，说实话，这是我第一次离大学毕业典礼这么近。今天我想给大家讲三个我自己的故事，不讲别的，也不讲大道理，就讲三个故事。

　　The first story is about connecting the dots.

I dropped out of Reed College after the first 6 months, but then stayed around as a drop-in for another 18 months or so before I really quit. So why did I drop out?

　　第一个故事讲的是点与点之间的关系。我在里德学院（Reed College）只读了六个月就退学了，此后便在学校里旁听，又过了大约一年半，我彻底离开。那么，我为什么退学呢？

　　It started before I was born. My biological mother was a young, unwed college graduate student, and she decided to put me up for adoption. She felt very strongly that I should be adopted by college graduates, so everything was all set for me to be adopted at birth by a lawyer and his wife. Except that when I popped out they decided at the last minute that they really wanted a girl. So my parents, who were on a waiting list, got a call in the middle of the night asking: "We have an unexpected baby boy; do you want him?" They said: "Of course." My biological mother later found out that my mother had never graduated from college and that my father had never graduated from high school. She refused to sign the final adoption papers. She only relented a few months later when my parents promised that I would someday go to college.

　　这得从我出生前讲起。我的生母是一名年轻的未婚在校研究生，她决定将我送给别人收养。她非常希望收养我的是有大学学历的人，所以把一切都安排好了，我一出生就交给一对律师夫妇收养。没想到我落地的霎那间，那对夫妇却决定收养一名女孩。就这样，我的养父母——当时他们还在登记册上排队等著呢——半夜三更接到一个电话: “我们这儿有一个没人要的男婴，你们要么？”“当然要”他们回答。但是，我的生母后来发现我的养母不是大学毕业生，我的养父甚至连中学都没有毕业，所以她拒绝在最后的收养文件上签字。不过，没过几个月她就心软了，因为我的养父母许诺日后一定送我上大学。

　　And 17 years later I did go to college. But I naively chose a college that was almost as expensive as Stanford, and all of my working-class parents' savings were being spent on my college tuition. After six months, I couldn't see the value in it. I had no idea what I wanted to do with my life and no idea how college was going to help me figure it out. And here I was spending all of the money my parents had saved their entire life. So I decided to drop out and trust that it would all work out OK. It was pretty scary at the time, but looking back it was one of the best decisions I ever made. The minute I dropped out I could stop taking the required classes that didn't interest me, and begin dropping in on the ones that looked interesting.

　　17 年 后，我真的进了大学。当时我很天真，选了一所学费几乎和斯坦福大学一样昂贵的学校，当工人的养父母倾其所有的积蓄为我支付了大学学费。读了六个月后，我却 看不出上学有什么意义。我既不知道自己这一生想干什么，也不知道大学是否能够帮我弄明白自己想干什么。这时，我就要花光父母一辈子节省下来的钱了。所以， 我决定退学，并且坚信日后会证明我这样做是对的。当年做出这个决定时心里直打鼓，但现在回想起来，这还真是我有生以来做出的最好的决定之一。从退学那一刻 起，我就可以不再选那些我毫无兴趣的必修课，开始旁听一些看上去有意思的课。

　　It wasn't all romantic. I didn't have a dorm room, so I slept on the floor in friends' rooms, I returned coke bottles for the 5 deposits to buy food with, and I would walk the 7 miles across town every Sunday night to get one good meal a week at the Hare Krishna temple. I loved it. And much of what I stumbled into by following my curiosity and intuition turned out to be priceless later on. Let me give you one example:

　　那些 日子一点儿都不浪漫。我没有宿舍，只能睡在朋友房间的地板上。我去退还可乐瓶，用那五分钱的押金来买吃的。每个星期天晚上我都要走七英里，到城那头的黑尔 科里施纳礼拜堂去，吃每周才能享用一次的美餐。我喜欢这样。我凭借好奇心和直觉所干的这些事情，有许多后来都证明是无价之宝。我给大家举个例子:

　　Reed College at that time offered perhaps the best calligraphy instruction in the country. Throughout the campus every poster, every label on every drawer, was beautifully hand calligraphed. Because I had dropped out and didn't have to take the normal classes, I decided to take a calligraphy class to learn how to do this. I learned about serif and san serif typefaces, about varying the amount of space between different letter combinations, about what makes great typography great. It was beautiful, historical, artistically subtle in a way that science can't capture, and I found it fascinating.

　　当 时，里德学院的书法课大概是全国最好的。校园里所有的公告栏和每个抽屉标签上的字都写得非常漂亮。当时我已经退学，不用正常上课，所以我决定选一门书法 课，学学怎么写好字。我学习写带短截线和不带短截线的印刷字体，根据不同字母组合调整其间距，以及怎样把版式调整得好上加好。这门课太棒了，既有历史价 值，又有艺术造诣，这一点科学就做不到，而我觉得它妙不可言。

　　None of this had even a hope of any practical application in my life. But ten years later, when we were designing the first Macintosh computer, it all came back to me. And we designed it all into the Mac. It was the first computer with beautiful typography. If I had never dropped in on that single course in college, the Mac would have never had multiple typefaces or proportionally spaced fonts. And since Windows just copied the Mac, its likely that no personal computer would have them. If I had never dropped out, I would have never dropped in on this calligraphy class, and personal computers might not have the wonderful typography that they do. Of course it was impossible to connect the dots looking forward when I was in college. But it was very, very clear looking backwards ten years later.

　　当时我并不指望书法在以后的生活中能有什么实用价值。但是，十年之后，我们在设计第一台 Macintosh 计算机时，它一下子浮现在我眼前。于是，我们把这些东西全都设计进了计算机中。这是第一台有这么漂亮的文字版式的计算机。要不是我当初在大学里偶然选了这么一门课，Macintosh 计算机绝不会有那么多种印刷字体或间距安排合理的字号。要不是 Windows 照搬了 Macintosh，个人电脑可能不会有这些字体和字号。要不是退了学，我决不会碰巧选了这门书法课，个人电脑也可能不会有现在这些漂亮的版式了。当然，我在大学里不可能从这一点上看到它与将来的关系。十年之后再回头看，两者之间的关系就非常、非常清楚了。

　　Again, you can't connect the dots looking forward; you can only connect them looking backwards. So you have to trust that the dots will somehow connect in your future. You have to trust in something — your gut, destiny, life, karma, whatever. This approach has never let me down, and it has made all the difference in my life.

　　你们同样不可能从现在这个点上看到将来；只有回头看时，才会发现它们之间的关系。所以，要相信这些点迟早会连接到一起。你们必须信赖某些东西——直觉、归宿、生命，还有业力，等等。这样做从来没有让我的希望落空过，而且还彻底改变了我的生活。

　　

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Porsche's family owners yesterday settled months of feuding over a rescue of Germany's debt-ridden sports car maker by agreeing a merger with Volkswagen and ousting its chief executive Wendelin Wiedeking with a huge €50m ($71m) pay-off.

保 时捷(Porsche)家族所有者昨日同意与大众(Volkswagen)合并，并以5000万欧元（合7100万美元）的丰厚遣散费，罢免其首席执行官 文德林•魏德金(Wendelin Wiedeking)。数月来围绕如何救助这家负债累累的德国跑车制造商的纷争，就此尘埃落定。

The merger, which is planned for 2011, would bring Porsche under the umbrella of Europe's biggest car and truck empire, where it would join other famous marques including Audi, Bugatti and Bentley.

合并将于2011年完成，届时，保时捷将加入奥迪(Audi)、布加迪(Bugatti)和宾利(Bentley)的行列，纳入欧洲最大的汽车和卡车帝国。

But the terms of Mr Wiedeking's pay-off, one of the biggest ever in Germany, reignited a fierce public row over executive pay in the country, which is heading towards a general election in two months time. One of the best paid managers in the world, Mr Wiedeking was accused by one politician of “cashing in big time”.

但魏德金的遣散条款——德国历来最高的遣散费之一——再次激起了公众对于德国高管薪酬的强烈不满。德国将在2个月后举行大选。作为全球收入最高的经理人之一，魏德金被一位政界人士指责在“大捞一把”。

The agreement on a merger was a personal victory for Ferdinand Piëch, Volkswagen's chairman. The grandson of Ferdinand Porsche, the designer of the VW Beetle who helped found Porsche, has long harboured an ambition to unite the two companies. The proposed merger would catapult his family into the league of global car dynasties such as the Fords or the Agnellis.

同 意合并是大众董事长费迪南德•皮耶希(Ferdinand Piech)的一次个人胜利。皮耶希是大众“甲壳虫”车设计者费迪南德•保时捷(Ferdinand Porsche)的外孙，费迪南德•保时捷帮助创建了保时捷公司。皮耶希一直心怀合并两家公司的抱负。拟议中的合并，将使其家族跻身福特(Ford)、阿 涅利(Agnellis)家族等全球汽车王朝之列。

“Together, Volkswagen and Porsche have all it takes to occupy a leading position in the international automotive industry,” the 72-year-old patriarch said.

这位72岁的家族首领表示：“大众与保时捷合起来，具备了在国际汽车行业占据领先地位所需的一切要素。”

The Porsche families yesterday dismissed Mr Wiedeking and Holger Härter, the sports car maker's chief financial officer. The pugnacious chief executive had fallen out of favour with Mr Piëch, after Porsche's acquisition of more than 50 per cent of Volkswagen left it with net debts of €10bn.

保时捷家族昨日解雇了魏德金和保时捷首席财务官霍格尔•黑特(Holger Harter)。在保时捷因收购大众逾50%的股份而背上100亿欧元的净债务之后，咄咄逼人的魏德金就失去了皮耶希的好感。

By Daniel Schafer in Frankfurt 2009-07-24 译者/陈云飞

always the same thing
can't you see, we've got everything goin' on and on and on

every time you go away you take a piece of me with you
every time you go away you take a piece of me with you

go on and go free, yeah
maybe you're too close to see
i can feel yor body move
it doesn't mean that much to me

i can't go on sayin' the same thing
just can't you see, we've got everything do you even know we know

every time you go away you take a piece of me with you, oh
every time you go away you take a piece of me with you

i can't go on sayin' the same thing
'cause baby, can't ya see, we've got everything goin' on and on and on

every time you go away you take a piece of me with you
every time you go away you take a piece of me with you

嘿！如果我俩能解决问题
那又何必流这麽多眼泪
你又再次离去
当那位带路人出现
总是这样
难道你看不出来
我们让这一切没完没了

每一次你离去
就带走了我的一部分
每一次你离去
就带走了我的一部分

继续吧！一切随你
也许因为太近，所以看不清楚
我感觉到你的身体在颤动
对我却没什麽意义了
我不能再一直说着同样的话
你看不出来吗
我们让这一切........

每一次你离去
就带走了我的一部分
每一次你离去
就带走了我的一部分

Illustration by KAL

IN ONE of his short stories, “The Quantity Theory of Insanity”, Will Self suggests that there is a fixed amount of craziness in the world. If one person becomes a bit saner, another will become that bit madder; if one group starts to act normally, another will start freaking out.

威尔•塞尔夫在他的短篇小说《疯狂数量理论》（”The Quantity Theory of Insanity”）中提出–在这个世界上，疯狂的总量是既定的。如果一个人变得清醒一些，就会有另一人失去等量的理智；一个群体开始行事正常，另一群体的行为就会趋于怪异。

Mr Self’s theory can be applied to all sorts of mental affliction. Children like to think they are less bigoted than their parents, for example. In fact, they are simply bigoted about different things: fatties, smokers and people who drive Humvees, rather than blacks or homosexuals.

赛尔夫先生的这一理论适用于各种精神折磨，比如，一般孩子们会认为自己的父母比自己固执，但事实上只是他们各自固执的对象不同罢了–停留在胖子、烟民、悍马（Humvee）”骑士”层面，而没涉及到黑人或同性恋。

But the most dramatic example of the quantity theory at the moment is anger. Many people hoped that Barack Obama would usher in an era of good feeling after the foam-flecked Bush years. He talked endlessly about bipartisanship and national unity. He was also a living symbol of racial reconciliation. America greeted his inauguration with a frenzy of flag-waving and well-wishing. But anger is back in a big way, redistributed but also revitalised. John McCain is angry about earmarks in the budget. (”If it seems like I’m angry, it’s because I am.”) Ben Bernanke is angry about bailing out AIG. (”If there is a single episode in this entire 18 months that has made
me more angry, I can’t think of one.”) And everybody is angry about the state of the economy.

但眼下最生动的例子要数愤怒了。怨声载道的布什任期之后，很多人希望巴拉克•奥巴马（Barack Obama）能够开创民众对政府充满好感的新时代。他一直呼吁两党合作以及全美团结，而他自身也是种族融合活生生的象征，美国以一片狂热的爱国主义和美好 愿景迎接他的就职。但愤怒也随之袭来–愤怒在重新分配之后再次燃起。约翰•麦凯恩（John McCain）对预算中一些专项拨款[3]怒气冲冲。（”我看上去有些气愤？那是因为我真的气愤。”）本•伯南克（Ben Bernanke）也对政府救助AIG（美国国际集团，American International Group）大发雷霆。（”我真想不出来整整18个月以来还有哪件事比这件事更令我愤怒。”）每个人都因经济状况而愤怒。

The most popular targets of public anger are the greedheads and incompetents who plunged the country into economic meltdown. Hardly a day passes without a new culprit to throw stones at: CEOs who fly to Washington in private jets to beg for a handout, financial titans who were paid hundreds of millions to ruin their banks. And the anger has become politicised. This year’s meeting of the Conservative Political Action Conference (CPAC) on February 26th-28th attracted some 9,000 activists, the most ever. Taxpayer tea parties (a celebration of the Boston event back in 1773) have sprung up across the country, drawing anything from a few hundred protesters in New York to 2,000 in Greenville, South Carolina. RedState, a conservative blog, is calling on conservatives to “save the country by helping Obama to fail”.

而公众愤怒的焦点则指向那些致使国家经济陷入崩溃的贪婪者和无能者。过去的每天几乎都会产生一位新罪人，成为众矢之的–乘坐私人飞机前往华盛顿乞求 救济的CEO们，领取亿元高薪却毁掉银行的金融界巨人们。愤怒渐趋政治化，今年的保守派政治行动会议（Conservative Political Action Conference，CPAC）于2月26号至28号举行，吸引了约9000名活跃分子前来参加，人数之多为史上之最。纳税人茶会（纪念1773年的波 士顿倾茶事件 ）[1]在全国范围内如雨后春笋般出现，从纽约的数百名抗议者到南卡罗来纳州格林维尔的2000名市民，茶会活动获得了强烈反响。保守派博客 –RedState正在号召保守派人士”以加速奥巴马的失败来挽救国家”。

The biggest cause of anger is Mr Obama’s willingness to bail out everyone with a tin cup, from bankrupt bankers to incompetent carmakers to over-their-ears mortgage-holders. People who have borrowed prudently and lived within their means are livid that they are being asked to bail out neighbours who splurged on McMansions and giant televisions. Rick Santelli, a previously obscure TV journalist, became a folk hero when he complained that Americans were being made to “subsidise the losers’ mortgages”.

奥巴马希望从破产的银行家、无能的汽车制造商到束手无策的抵押权人，人人都能分得政府救助的一杯羹，这是愤怒的最大诱因。有的人平时借债谨慎、量入 为出，他们的邻居却一贯大手大脚，掷重金购置麦克豪宅[2]和超大屏幕电视机，现在却要求他们救助这些邻居，自然怒从心头起。从前名不见经传的电视节目主 持人里克•桑塔利（Rick Santelli）因为指责美国正在”帮助那些败类偿还抵押贷款”而声名大噪，成为民间英雄。

There is also mounting fury, among centrists as well as conservatives, about Mr Obama’s budget, with its mixture of tax hikes for the wealthy and ambitious plans for regulating greenhouse gases and extending the government’s role in health care. Larry Kudlow, a television journalist who is contemplating challenging Chris Dodd for his Connecticut Senate seat, says that Mr Obama is “declaring war on investors, entrepreneurs, small businesses, large corporations and private equity and venture-capital funds”. Many former supporters worry that Mr Obama is treating the economic crisis rather as George Bush treated September 11th-as a convenient excuse for pursuing a long-held ideological agenda.

在中间派之中，也和保守派一样，奥巴马先生的预算案以及预算案所融合的针对富人的大幅增税计划，管制温室气体的雄心大计，以及拟加强政府在公共医疗 保健领域的职能所引起的愤怒也逐渐升级。正打算取代柯瑞斯•多德（Chris Dodd）成为康乃狄克州参议员的拉里•库德洛（Larry Kudlow）说，奥巴马先生”正在向投资者、企业家、小公司、大企业、私募股权、风投基金宣战。”很多从前的支持者担心奥巴马先生对待金融危机将一如乔 治•布什（George Bush）对待911事件–它们只不过是合时宜的借口，可以用来推进长期的意识形态日程。

Anger seethes about the fact that so many big-government Democrats mysteriously lose their appetite for taxes when it comes to paying them themselves. This week saw the revelation that yet another of Mr Obama’s nominees, Ron Kirk, the would-be trade representative, underpaid his taxes in 2005-07. But above all, people are angry that Mr Obama led them down the garden path. Bipartisanship? He is proposing one of the most liberal budgets in decades. Abolishing earmarks ? The budget contains 8,570 of them. Honesty? The finance, property and insurance industries (all getting huge bail-outs) were the largest source of campaign contributions to Mr Obama after lawyers. Transcending racism? Eric Holder, the attorney-general, has accused Americans of being cowards when it comes to discussing race.

很多主张”大政府”（big-government）的民主党人以往对税收津津乐道，但等”纳税”落到自己头上时，这种兴趣却神秘地消失了，民众自 然是怒火中烧。Ron Kirk（罗南•科克），这位被奥巴马先生提名的准贸易代表本周被揭露曾于2005至07年间并未缴纳足额税款。但是人们最为愤怒的则是奥巴马先生将他们 带入歧途。两党合作？他提出了几十年来最具自由主义色彩的预算案。取消专项拨款？预算案中包含8570项专项拨款。正直？在律师之后，金融业、房地产业、 保险业（无一未得到巨额救助）是奥巴马竞选资金的最主要来源。逾越种族偏见？司法部长埃里克•霍尔德（Eric Holder）曾谴责了美国人在讨论种族问题时所表现出的懦弱。

Backlash time 愤怒时代

All this poses dangers for Mr Obama. The tea-party protesters who hold up signs that read “Obama…commander and thief” are clearly preaching to the converted. But those who hold up signs saying “Screw up, move up” or “Honk if you’re paying my mortgage” may strike a chord with the wider public. Almost 60% of Americans tell pollsters that they are opposed to giving money to carmakers and banks that are in danger of collapsing. One of the lessons from both the Carter years and the first Clinton term is that new Democratic administrations are vulnerable to a populist backlash from the establishment-bashing,hypocrisy-smashing,small-business-defending right.

这些对奥巴马先生来说都是危险的信号。茶会抗议者们举着带有”奥巴马……总统和窃贼”（”Obama…commander and thief”[4] ）字眼的抗议牌，他们对背叛者提出了明确的告诫。但是举着”干得糟，升得快”（”Screw up, move up” ）或”帮我还贷款的人请鸣笛”（”Honk if you’re paying my mortgage”）的抗议者则会激起更多人的共鸣。民意测验显示有六成美国人反对资助濒临破产的汽车制造商和银行。卡特任期和克林顿的第一个任期的共同 教训之一就是新的民主党政府易受到来自右派极具民粹主义色彩的强烈抗议，他们一贯都抨击政府（establishment-bashing）、粉碎伪善 （hypocrisy-smashing）、维护小企业（small-business-defending）。

But this growing anger poses dangers for the right as well. The Republican Party runs the risk of being captured by its most extreme figures. Rush Limbaugh, a talk-show man who billed his talk to CPAC as an “address to the nation”, is now widely regarded as the chief spokesman for the Republican Party, much to the Democrats’ delight. The party also risks being branded as a “party of no” at a time when most Americans favour government activism. And Mr Obama still has an approval rating of over 60%: no longer exceptional, but still pretty good.

但是愈演愈烈的愤怒对右派来说也不是祥兆。共和党面临着落入党内一些极端人物之手的危险。脱口秀主持人拉西•林伯（Rush Limbaugh）曾标榜他在保守派政治行动会议（Conservative Political Action Conference，CPAC）上的讲话是”对国家的致辞”，现在被广泛认为是共和党的头号发言人，深得民主党欢心。在大多数美国人都支持政府积极主义 （”government activism”[5]） 的形势下，共和党还可能被扣上”不许党”（”party of no”[6] ）的帽子。奥巴马先生的支持率仍在60%以上–不再是超凡的比例，但仍然维持在一个相当高的水平。

Mr Obama’s most important weapon during the election campaign was his ability to turn anti-Bush anger into pro-American hope. That now seems a world away. The politics of the next few years will be shaped by managing anger rather than transcending it. Mr Obama needs to direct the rising tide of anger at rich Republicans. The Republicans need to direct it at Mr Obama’s new establishment. Either way, hope loses.

奥巴马先生有能力将反布什的愤怒情绪转化为支持美国的信心，这是他在大选期间的杀手锏。但这种能力似乎已成往事。接下来数年的政治进程将取决于如何 管理愤怒，而不是去升华愤怒。奥巴马先生需要把人们不断高涨的怒火导向富有的共和党人，而后者则要把它导向奥巴马先生的新领导班子。如此这样，双方的希望 都将不再。

Mar 5th 2009
From The Economist print edition

释:

[1]波士顿倾茶事件也称“波士顿茶会”。

[2]Cf: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/McMansion
McMansion   由 McDonald’s和mansion两词组成 ，有译麦克豪宅、麦氏豪宅、麦大宅等，意为如麦当劳快餐般，以廉价材料来建造超大面积房屋，以追求炫耀的表面效果，比如高耸的天花板、宽大的扶手楼梯等。

[3]Cf：http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Earmark_(politics)
在美国政治词典中，earmark是指国会通过的法案中包含的直接拨款给特定项目或为特定项目削减税费的内容，通常是议员为自己选区居民争取利益而“塞入”提案，这些政府支出项目大多不经过公开招投标而直接给予特定企业。（引自http://www.caijing.com.cn/2009-03-12/110118868.html）

[4]曾经有人用“Hail to the thief, our commander in chief(向窃贼欢呼，我们的大总统)”讽刺布什通过不义手段获得总统位置。（啰嗦一句。。Britpop殿堂级乐队Rediohead曾将其用作自己 的专辑名“Hail to the Thief”）
Cf：http://www.commondreams.org/views01/0115-03.htm

[5]暂直译为政府积极主义，其意思是主张积极利用政府的权力发展和管理社会，但有过于相信政府之嫌。

[6]Cf:http://opinionator.blogs.nytimes.com/2009/02/09/the-party-of-no/
（ps：文章下面有一则评论对“no”的诠释很有意思。）