approach
As they approached the wood a rabbit ran out of the trees.
Our vacation is approaching and we stillv.to come near or nearer (to)in space, time, quality, or quantity 走进，靠近
n. 1) way; path; road 通路，通道,approach to接近
The only approach to the house was water. 水路是通往那房子的唯一通道。
at the approach of sth.
在…来临之际
2)a way or means of reaching something 方法，途径
There are many approaches to solving this problem.解决这道题有许多方法。
confidence
n.1) a calm unworried feeling or manner based on a strong belief in one’s abilities; self-assurance 信心；把握；自信
I have every confidence in your abilities.
我对你的能力很有信心。
lack confidence in oneself 对自己缺乏信心
lose confidence in 对……丧失信心
place (put) confidence in sb. 对……信任
2)secret which is confided to sb.知心话：
They have exchanged their opinions about it in confidence 他们已经私下就此事交换了意见。
confident
adj. feeling or showing confidence
确信的；自信的；有信心的
We are confident of success.
He feels confident that he will finish that task. 他对自己能完成这个任务有信心。confident 做表语，可接of 短语，也可接that引导的从句。be confident in 对……有信心
impress upon
V.to make sb. keenly aware of sth.; to fix sth. in sb’s mind 铭刻；使铭记impress…on/upon the mind/heart 把…深深印在脑海里/记在心上
My father’s words will always be strongly impressed upon my mind.
翻译：经理让办公室职员认识到做精确记录的重要性。→
The manager impressed on his office staff the importance of keeping accurate records.
1.The traditional approach _____with complex problems is to break them down into smaller, more easily managed problems. (1996年6月第33题)
A. to dealing B. in dealing
C. dealing D. to deal
2.Don’t put too much ______in what the newspaper says.
A. certainty B. insurance
C. content D. confidence
3. He feels_____ that he will finish that task.
A. confidence B. confirmed
C. confused D. confident
4. My father’s words will always strongly _____my mind.
A. be impressed upon B. impress upon
C. impress D. be impressed in
assurance
n.a firm statement that sth. is certainly true or will certainly happen; promise;
担保，保证，自信，把握
Despite my repeated assurances, Rob still looked very nervous.
She spoke in a tone of assurance.
assure v. 断然地说；有信心地说；使某人相信
He assured us that he would try as hard as possible.
assure sb that…使某人相信
5. He was proud of being chosen to participate in the game and he _____us that he would try as hard as possible. (2003年6月第55题)
A. insured B. guaranteed
C. assumed D. assured
Insure(vt.) 给…上保险，
insure sth against (fire)
insurance company
guarantee (vt.) 保证担保
The quality is guaranteed.
assume (vt.)假定,担任
broaden
v.to make or become broader 加宽
Broaden your knowledge of English
Broaden your horizons
Communication broadens the mind. 交流可以开阔心胸。
en作为前缀或后缀+adj 变v
enlarge/enrich/empower/endanger
widen/sharpen/shorten/quicken/lengthen
conquer
v.to take (land) by force; gain control over (sth. unfriendly or difficult) 攻取；占领；克服困难等， The Normans conquered England in 1066.
罗曼人1066年征服英格兰。
Lucy felt ashamed that she hadn’t been able to conquer her fear.
露西因为自己没能战胜恐惧而感到羞愧。
conquer the weather / a country / a bad habit /difficulty
conquest n. 征服 conqueror n. 占领者
overcome v. 压倒，克服 defeat v. 打败 n.失败；战败；战胜
6. The new bridge is a triumph of ______.
A. engineering B. engagement
C. enjoyment D. emission
7.If I ____, I would have studied my lessons better.
A. had not graduated B. graduates
C. graduated D. have not graduated
8. When he_____, he let out jubilant shouts.
A. succeeded B. succeed
C. conquered D. failed
9.选词填空： conquer/ confident/assure/broaden
To ________ the language barrier, they are working hard at english.
College has helped Bill to _______ his interest.
We are _________ that we can overcome the difficulties.
due
adj. (showing arrangements made in advance) 预期的expected; supposed (to)
The next train to London is due here at 4 o'clock. 去伦敦的下一趟班车应在4点钟到这里。
The meeting isn’t due to start until three. 会议到三点才召开
adj. due to sth: 由于,起因于
The company’s problems are due to the poor management. 公司的问题在于管理不当
该队的成功很大程度上在与他的努力。
The team’s success was largely due to her efforts.
11. 翻译
计划早晨八点半起飞的飞机因为浓雾而耽搁→
The plane due to take off at 8:30 a.m. has been delayed because of thick fog.
下次会议定在3个月后举行→
The next meeting is due to be held in three months.
由于交通堵塞，他没能按时到会→
He failed to come the meeting on time due to the traffic jam.
snap
n.1) sth. that is very easy to do 轻而易举的事
It is easy / a snap /a piece of cake / no sweat/no problem.这是一件很容易的事。
The test was a snap. 考试是小菜一碟。
2) act or sound of snapping.
I shut the book with a snap, and put it away.
我“砰”地一声合上书，把它收了起来。
v.snap at sth. 猛咬
The dog snapped at the bone.
snap at sb. 向某人厉声说，责备某人
Don’t snap at me.
restless
adj.unwilling or unable to stay still, esp. because of anxiety or lack of interest, giving no rest 焦虑的；不耐烦的；不得休息的，不安静的
The children had been indoors all day and were getting restless. 孩子们整天关在屋里，都寝食难安了。
a restless night 不眠之夜
restless sleep 不安宁的睡眠
file into
to march or walk in the specified direction in a single line 鱼贯而入，排成纵队前进
As the audience filed into the stadium, they found the pop group was already there. 观众们涌进运动场时，发现流行乐团已经到了。
file out of 贯而出，排成纵队退出
When the audience filed out of the stadium after the concert was over, they found it had started to snow. 音乐会结束后，走出体育场的观众发现已经开始下雪了。
12. Hey, don’t snap _____me, I have done nothing wrong.
A. x B. at C. to D. on
13. The students _____the classroom, when the bell rung.
A.filed into B.entered into
C.jumped into D.elevated
14.He has a ____night due to anxiety.
A.restful B.untroubled C.jubilant D.restless
survey
v.1）to look at, examine sth as a whole 纵览，审视，全面地观察 The fighter surveyed his enemy for any weakness. 战士审视着敌人，以发现其弱点
2） make a general view 眺望
We surveyed the countryside from the top of a hill.
n.general view 概观；考察He made a survey of the subject.对问题进行通盘考虑surveyor n. 测量员，检查人员 make a survey of 测量，考察，调查
economic survey 经济调查 market survey 市场调查 sectional survey 局部调查 synthetic survey 综述
shift
v.to change in position or direction; to move from one place to another 改变(位置或方向)；变换，转移，移动
Give me a hand to shift these chairs.
shift from … to … 从…移到
shift one’s ground 采取新的立场
n.1）change of place of character 位置或性格的改变
a shift in emphasis
重点的改变
2）group of workmen who start work as another group finishes; period for which such a group works. 轮值职工；换班；轮值之时间
They work in shifts. 他们轮班工作。
Day/night shift 白/夜班
15. You have to ______the whole situation before you make a decision.
A. care B. survey
C. look for D. find out
16.—Does he work in the company any longer?
—No, he ____works there.
A.any longer B. no longer
C. no more D. not more
17.He looked out of the window, _______
the landscape of the countryside.
He ______ restlessly in his seat during the long speech by the Dean. (shift/survey适当形式）
even if/though
纵然，即使。Even though they loved each other, they decided to part.
1）even now/then 甚至此时（那时）；虽然情况如此。Even now he won’t go to class. 甚至到现在他还不去上学。
2) Even so 虽然如此 He has many shortcomings, even so, he is still a lovely child.他有许多缺点，虽然如此，他还是一个可爱的孩子。
pass (sth.) out
to give out; to distribute 分发
Their teacher passed out the dictionaries.
pass out flyers 分发传单
pass out 失去知觉
pass away (委婉)逝世
senior
n.a student of the last year in a high school or university course（美国中学或大学）最高年纪的学生，毕业班的学生
Freshman-sophomore-juninor-senior
adj. older in years, higher rank
He is 4 years senior to me.他比我长四岁
18. Right now, some students do part-time jobs, like ____ flyers on the street for some companies.
A. passing on B. passing out
C. passing by D. passing away
19. He looks younger, but in fact he is 5 years _____to me.
A. older B. younger
C. senior D. naïve
20.翻译：尽管很忙，她每天至少花两小时上网→
Even though she is very busy, she spends at least two hours every day suring the Internet.
Passage B amuse
v.to make sb. Laugh or smile 使某人发笑，逗某人笑A clown‘s job is to amuse the spectators.小丑的工作就是让观众发笑。He amused himself by playing the flute.他以吹笛子自娱自乐。
amusement n. 快乐，享受，娱乐，消遣amused 被逗乐的，顽皮的amusing 有趣的，让人发笑的amuse oneself by/with 以…自娱feel amused at/by/with 被…逗乐
commitment
n.a responsibility or promise to follow certain beliefs or certain course of action 责任
I don‘t want to get married because I don’t want any commitments. 因为不愿承担任何责任，所以我不想结婚。
Come and look round our shop without a commitment to buy anything. 请来我们商店看看，不一定要买什么东西。
commit v. 犯（错误、罪行）；委托；判处；使承担义务 commit suicide/ crime
denial
n.the act or an example of saying that sth. is not true 否认
The government issued a firm denial of the rumor. 政府发布了对这一流言的郑重否定。
The prisoner repeated his denial of the charge brought to him again and again.囚犯再次否认了对自己一而再再而三的指控。
v. 否认，不承认，不给 →
deny
deny knowing the truth 否认指导事实真相deny sb. nothing 对…有求必应 deny sb. admission 不让某人入场
enormous adj.
very large indeed 巨大的
It was an enormous disappointment.
an enormous room 巨大的房子
an enormous amount of money 巨款
adv. 巨大的 →
enormously
n. 巨大
enormousness enormity
possibility n. likelihood; sth. that may happen 可能性；可能（发生）的事
There’s always a possibility that he might go back to Seattle.
adj 可能的 →
possible
adv. 或许，可能
possibly
21. The prisoner repeated his____ of the charge brought to him again and again.
A. refusal B. denial
C. contradiction D. disagreement
22. She felt ______to see the funny looking clown.
amusing B. pleasing
C. amused D.satisfying
23. There exists no _____of his finishing the task in that situation.
capacity B. possibility
C. ability D. identity
24. Given his high _____to service, he would not refuse a request to matter how I might feel about it.
commitment B. commission
C. committee D. contribution
25. Some people envy him of his ____house containing so many different rooms.
A. shabby B. enormous
C. humble D. contained
envy
n.a feeling you have towards someone that you wish you could have the same thing or quality they have 羡慕，嫉妒
He stared with envy at Robert’s new car.
My success excited his envy of me. 我的成功引起了他的嫉妒。
v.feel envy of 嫉妒，羡慕 Amanda was good-looking, rich, and intelligent—all the girls envied her.
adj. 羡慕的, adv.嫉妒地→
envious ，enviously envy of sb. 嫉妒某人 envy at/of sth. 嫉妒；羡慕某事be filled with envy 十分羡慕
panic
v.to cause to be in a state of sudden, uncontrolled, quickly-spreading terror or anxiety 惊恐，惊
The crowd panicked at the sound of the gunfire.
Guests panicked and screamed when the bomb exploded.
n. unreasoning, uncontrolled, quickly spreading fear 惊慌，恐慌
I got into a panic when I found the door was unlocked.陷入恐慌
be seized with a panic 惊惶失措
cause a panic 引起恐慌
26. They are likely to panic ______the sound of the thunder.
A. at B.with C.in D.from
27. My success excited his envy _____ me.
A. at B. about C. with D. of
28.适当的形式填空 panic/envy/amuse
He ________ at the sound of fire alarms.
We were greated _______ to hear about his joke.
How I _____ you! I wish I could write as beautifully as you do.
reluctantly adv.
unwillingly 勉强地，不愿地
We have reluctantly agreed to let him go.
adj. 勉强的→
reluctant
n. 勉强,不愿 →
reluctance
反意词 willing adj. 乐意的，自愿的 voluntary adj. 自愿的，自发的
schedule n. planned list or order of things to be done 日程表
I’ve got a very busy schedule today. 我最近很忙。
be on schedule按时，准时
ahead of schedule 提前
behind schedule 晚点according to the schedule 按照计划，按照进度
status n.
person’s social, legal or professional position or rank in relation to others 地位，身份，职位
The status of children in society has long been underestimated.孩子们在社会中的地位一直被低估
high status businessman 身份显赫的商人
status of world affairs
世界局势
其他容易混淆的词→
statue 雕像 statute 法令
triumph n.
great victory or success 胜利，成功
He held up the prize in triumph. 他扬扬得意地举起了他的奖品。
I could detect triumph in his eye. 我在他的眼里看出胜利的喜悦。
a shout of triumph 一阵欢欣声
29. The train is _______schedule; it should get here 15 minutes earlier.
A. on B. at C. behind D. ahead of
30. The students are all interested in the _____of world affairs.
A. status B. station C. statue D. statute
31. Although______, he agreed to give me a hand.
enjoyably B. reluctantly
C. inclusively D. willingly
feel like
1) (informal) to want to do or have 意欲，想
Do you feel like a cup of coffee? 你想要一杯咖啡吗？ It is such a fine day. I feel like going out for a picnic. 天气这么好，我想出去野餐。
2) to give or produce the stated sensation 好像
“What is this in my pocket? It feels like a nut.” “我口袋里是什么？好像是栗子。I feel like I am living in denial about graduating. 我觉得自己是在回避毕业。
feel as if / as though 仿佛，觉得
come to (used with an infinitive) to learn to; to grow to 熟知；了解，学会；开始A good idea just came to me. 我恰有一个好想法。
change one’s mind：to alter one’s decision or opinion 改变主意It would be impossible to change his mind.让他改变主意是不可能的。）
at the idea of ：at the thought of 一想起…就
Having never lived away from her parents, Jane began to panic at the idea of living on campus on her own.珍妮从没离开过父母，她一想到要独自住在校园就开始发慌。
32选词填空 at the idea of/ come to/change one’s mind/ feel like
It is such a fine day I _______ going swimming in the river.
A great idea ________ me.
At college, students can______________ and declare another major.
___________ the coming National Holiday, I can’t concentrate on(集中注意力） my study.
torture
n. (instance of) great physical or mental suffering （对肉体或精神的）折磨
Many died under torture; others committed suicide.许多人被折磨至死，还有一些自杀身亡。
Hearing her practice violin is torture!听她练小提琴简直是折磨！
v.cause severe suffering to 使受剧烈痛苦，折磨 You can’t torture him to make him confess the truth. 你不能把他屈打成招。
n. 拷问者，虐待者→
torturer
adj 使人痛苦的→
torturous
surround v. to be all around on every side; encircle包围
The city is surrounded on all sides by hills.这个城市四面环山。
surrounding adj. 附近的，四周的 surroundings n. 环境be surrounded by/with 被…围着
Involve v.to cause (someone) to become connected or concerned 涉及，牵涉
Taking the job would involve living abroad. 做这项工作就得住在国外。
I don’t want to be involved in this issue. 我不想与这件事有关联。
involve sb. in sth. 使陷入 be involved with sb. 与…有关系的
33.Life’s become a _____to her since she got handicapped.
welfare B. torture
C. cheer D. bliss
34. The experiment involves _____on some mice.
to operating B. operating
C. to be operating D.in operating
35.翻译：吉尔坐在被箱子包围的地板上。
Jill was sitting on the floor surrounded by boxes.
作文写作与实践
专题一：Types of sentences
1.Simple S 简单句 2.Compound S复合句
3.Complex S 复杂句
4.Compound-complex S复杂的复合句
简单句 A sentence is “simple” as long as it remains one clause, containing one predicate.仅包括一个主谓结构的分局
1.Simple sentence简单句
1. 主语+动词：
My head aches.
2. 主语+系动词+表语
Frank is clever/ an architect.
3. 主语+动词+直接宾语
My sister enjoyed the play.
4. 主语+动词+间接宾语+直接宾语
The firm gave Sam a watch.
5. 主语+动词+宾语+补语
They made Tom chairman.
1.John laughed.
2.John Smith is talented.
3.John Smith makes Jack the chairman.
4.John Smith typed the letter.
5.John Smith gave her the letter. →
1.主+谓
2.主语+系动词+表语
3.主语+动词+宾语+补语
4.主语+动词+直接宾语
5.主语+动词+间接宾语+直接宾语
2.Compound Sentence复合句
A compound sentence has at least two or more idependent clause, each containing a subject and a predicate, each describing an action complete in itself.复合句是由至少两个独立句子构成，每一个分句都有自己的主谓语，它们的关系是并列的、对等的。
表示并列，转折，因果关系
A.表示并列关系
and , or , either…or , neither / nor , not only…but (also), both…and , as well as
Type O is the most common blood tpe in the world, and type AB is the rarest.
O型血是世界上最普通的血型，而AB型最不寻常。
翻译：你就这么办，不然你会有麻烦的。 →
Do it this way or you'll be in trouble .
B. 表示转折意思
but , yet , however , nevertheless
Shelley wanted to feed little John beef, but Henry thought he had eaten too much already.
雪莱想给小约翰喂些牛肉，但亨利认为他已经吃得够多了。
翻译：他才学一年英文，但已能用英文与人交往了。→
He has learned English for only one year, yet he can communicate with people in English .
C.表示因果关系
or , so , therefore , hence
3.Complex sentence（复杂句）
A complex sentence consists of one independent clause and one or more dependent clauses connetcted by conjunctions(连接词) or/ and punctuation(标点)
复合句中的主谓结构之间的关系不是并列的、对等的，其中只有一个主谓结构是主要的，其他的主谓结构都从属于那个主要的主谓结构。他们之间用连接词或标点连接。
主句：main clause
从句：Subordinate Clause
辨认下列从句（状语、宾语、主语、定语、同位语及表语）
Because they talk at home while the television is on , many people think they can talk at moviesas well. →
状语从句
Whether he comes or not doesn't make any difference to me . →
主语从句
There is disagreement among economists about what money is and how money is measured. →
宾语从句
Is there any proof that the food of plant differs from that of animals ? →
同位语从句
Taxes consist of money that people pay to support their government . →
定语从句
China is not what it used to be . →
表语从句
写作实战
Directions: For this part, you are allowed thirty minutes to write a letter to your parents to tell them about your present situation in the college.
You should write at least 120 words and you should base your composition on the outline (given in Chinese) below:
1.学校环境和军训；
2.同学老师；
3.困难和今后的打算。
Dear Dad and Mum:
Yours,
xxx
Reading comprehension
